跨性别女性人群心理特征及相关行为分析  

Psychological characteristics and related behaviors among transgender women in Shandong province: a cross-sectional study

作　　者：吕翠霞[1] 张晓菲[1] 傅继华[1] Lü Cui-xia;ZHANG Xiao-fei;FU Ji-hua(Office of Shandong Province Association for AIDS Prevention and Control, Shandong Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Ji'nan, Shandong Province 250014, China)

机构地区：[1]山东省疾病预防控制中心省社艾办,山东济南250014

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2018年第12期1638-1641,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：山东省医药卫生科技发展项目(2016WS0379)

摘　　要：目的了解跨性别女性人群的心理特征及相关行为。方法 2016年1月—2017年10月,在山东省采用滚雪球抽样的方法抽取调查对象并进行面对面问卷调查。结果本次共调查160人,调查对象最小19岁,最大44岁,平均年龄27岁(中位数);汉族为主,占93.1%;多数未婚,占80.0%;高中以上文化程度居多,占83.1%;74.4%为非独生子女。性取向选择男性119人,占74.4%,64.3%的人有过无保护性接受性肛交性行为。26人做过变性手术,占16.3%。属于完全女性心理性别者占51.2%,心理性别模糊者占48.8%;两者在婚姻状况(P=0.003)、是否有固定工作(P=0.013)、生活环境(P=0.002)、性取向(P=0.0001)、何种装扮从事社会生活(P=0.0001)、是否与女性发生过性行为(P=0.002)、是否从事商业性行为(P=0.012)、是否做过变性手术(P=0.001)、是否因为跨性别受到过暴力或虐待(P=0.004)等方面差异有统计学意义。结论跨性别女性人群存在感染艾滋病的危险,其心理性别可分为完全女性心理性别和模糊心理性别,前者更有感染艾滋病的风险,建议对该人群开展针对性的宣传教育、干预和检测。Objective To examine psychological characteristics and related behaviors among transgender(male-to-female, [MTF])women.Methods Using snowball sampling, we recruited 160 male adults(≥18)with the gender identity being opposite to their assigned sex and having sex with men in Shandong province for an anonymous face-to-face interview conducted from January 2016 to October 2017 with a self-designed questionnaire.Results The age of the participants ranged from 19 to 44 years, with a median of 27 years. Of all the participants, 93.1% were Han people;80.0% were unmarried;83.1% had the education of senior high school and above;74.4% were non-only-child;74.4% expressed a male sexual orientation;64.3% reported having unprotected receptive anal sex;and 16.3% reported having sex reassignment surgery. Among the participants, 51.2% reported a self-identified complete female psychological gender and 48.8% reported an uncertain psychological gender;there were significant differences between the two groups in marital status(P=0.003), whether having a stable employment(P=0.013), gender ratio for the people frequently contacted(P=0.002), sexual orientation(P=0.0001), pattern of dressing up when engaged in social activities(P=0.0001), whether having sex with a female(P=0.002), whether having commercial sex(P=0.012), whether having gender reassignment surgery(P=0.001), and whether experiencing violent or other types of abuse correlated with transgender identity(P=0.004).Conclusion There is a risk of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infection in MTF transgender women, especially in those with the identification of complete female psychological gender. The results indicate that intervention measures should be promoted among the population for the prevention of HIV infection.

关 键 词：跨性别女性 心理特征 行为 分析 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]