Ni掺杂黑液木质素基活化木材陶瓷的制备与性能研究  

Preparation and Performance of Black Liquor Lignin Basic Activated Woodceramics Doped Ni

作　　者：余先纯[1] 孙德林[1] 计晓琴 YU Xian-Chun;SUN De-Lin;JI Xiao-Qin(College of Material and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学材料科学与工程学院,长沙410004

出　　处：《无机材料学报》2018年第12期1289-1296,共8页Journal of Inorganic Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31670572;31270611)~~

摘　　要：以造纸黑液木质素和NiCl_2·6H_2O为原料、经1200℃高温烧结制备Ni掺杂木材陶瓷,并用KOH进行活化处理,得到呈泡沫状的三维网络结构的Ni掺杂活化石墨化木材陶瓷。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、拉曼光谱(RS)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、比表面积测试仪及电化学工作站等对其性能进行分析与表征。结果表明:Ni既参与构筑木材陶瓷骨架,又对无定形碳进行催化石墨化。所制备样品的石墨化倾向明显,有石墨烯片层结构出现,部分晶格间距接近理想石墨的点阵参数。同时,活化处理可以有效地形成多层次孔隙结构,增加微孔与超微孔数量。800℃活化3 h后,样品中的孔径主要集中在3.60 nm左右,比表面积从359 m^2·g^(–1)提高到856 m^2·g^(–1)。活化能够改善Ni掺杂木材陶瓷的电化学性能,在20 mV·s^(–1)扫描速率下,其比电容为153.8 F·g^(–1),是未活化样品的2.2倍。Ni doping woodceramics were prepared from papermaking black liquor lignin and NiCl2·6H2O,which sintered at 1200℃and then activated with KOH.The Ni doping activated graphite woodceramics presents 3-D net structure with foam formation.X-ray diffraction,Raman spectrum,scanning electron microscope,transmission electron microscope,specific surface area tester,and electrochemical workstation were employed to characterize the samples.The results show that Ni constructs the framework of woodceramics,and catalyzes graphitization of amorphous carbon.The sample displays obvious graphitization tendency,and graphene lamellar structure is found.The lattice spacing is close to the lattice parameter of ideal graphite.Meanwhile,activating treatment can effectively form hierarchical porous and increase the quantity of micropores and ultramicropore.The pore diameter mainly concentrats at 3.60 nm,and the specific surface area increases from 359 m2·g–1 to 856 m2·g–1,as the sample activated at 800℃for 3 h.Additionally,activation improves the electrochemical performance of Ni doping woodceramics,whose specific capacitance is 153.8 F·g–1 at 20 mV·s–1 scanning rate,2.2 times higher than that of non-activated sample.

关 键 词：活化木材陶瓷 Ni掺杂 制备方法 性能表征 

分 类 号：TQ138[化学工程—无机化工]