立井爆破掘进空隙高度优化设计的小波包分析  

Wavelet Packet Analysis for Optimization Design of GapHeight in Shaft Blasting Excavation

作　　者：谢立栋 东兆星[1] 张涛[1] 邱若华[1] 马力 XIE Lidong;DONG Zhaoxing;ZHANG Tao;QIU Ruohua;MA Li(State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering,China University of Mining &Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;School of Civil Engineering,Xuzhott Institute of Technology,Xuzhou 221018,China;School of Energy Engineering,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学深部岩土力学与地下工程国家重点实验室,江苏徐州221116 [2]徐州工程学院土木工程学院,江苏徐州221018 [3]西安科技大学能源学院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《煤矿安全》2018年第12期229-234,共6页Safety in Coal Mines

基　　金：国家重点研发计划专项资助项目(2016YFC0600904);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51604264);中建材联结基金资助项目(2016-m-1)

摘　　要：为了研究空隙高度对井壁震动强度影响,利用有限元建立井筒爆破模型并采集震动信号,根据工程现场监测数据对模型及其使用参数有效性进行检验,应用小波包分析方法对模拟信号进行频谱分析,为便于对比不同空隙高度相同位置监测点各子频带能量,提出能量归一化因子。研究结果表明:空隙高度是影响井壁震动强度重要因素,存在最不利空隙高度;本工程最不利空隙高度2.7 m,最优空隙高度3.6 m,在相同爆破方案前提下,震动峰值能量降低20%。各子频带能量衰减规律不一致,底模顶端、底端衰减规律也不相同,绕射端附近区域能量震荡激烈。底模井壁处于爆破地震波绕射作用局部震荡区域,爆破震动强度与爆心距相关关系不成立,顶端与底端震动强度没有固定大小规律。In order to study the influence of the gap height on the vibration intensity of the shaft wall, a wellbore blasting model is established by finite element method, and the vibration signals are acquired from above model. The validity of the model itself and the parameters used in the model are tested by the on-site monitoring data. The wavelet packet analysis method is used to analyze the frequency spectrum of the monitoring signals; so as to facilitate to compare the energy of each sub-band of different monitoring points, an energy normalization factor is proposed. The results show that: the gap height is an important factor affecting the vibration strength of the shaft wall, there is the most unfavorable air gap height. The most unfavorable gap height is 2.7 m,and the optimal gap height is 3.6 m in this project, the peak vibration energy is reduced by 20% under the same blasting scheme.The attenuation laws of the sub-bands are inconsistent, and the attenuation laws at the top and bottom ends are also different, the energy in the vicinity of the diffraction ends is highly oscillatory. The wall of the bottom mold is in the local oscillatory region of blasting seismic wave diffraction, the correlation between the blasting vibration intensity and the core distance is not established,and the vibration intensity at the top and bottom ends is not fixed.

关 键 词：空隙高度 小波包分析 基岩段立井 爆破掘进 圣维南原理 

分 类 号：TD235.46[矿业工程—矿井建设]