2005-2016年湖南省其他感染性腹泻流行特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of infectious diarrhea other than cholera,dysentery,typhoid and paratyphoid in Hunan Province,2005-2016

作　　者：赵善露 罗垲炜[1] 胡世雄[1] 邓志红[1] 孙倩莱[1] 杨浩[1] 曾舸[1] 张恒娇[1] 张斯钰[1] 高立冬[1] 李俊华[1] ZHAO Shan-lu;LUO Kai-wei;HU Shi-xiong;DENG Zhi-hong;SUN Qian-lai;YANG Hao;ZENG Ge;ZHANG Heng-jiao;ZHANG Si-yu;GAO Li-dong;LI Jun-hua(Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changsha,Hunan 410005,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省疾病预防控制中心传防科

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2019年第1期51-54,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：湖南省卫生计生委科研项目(C2016030)

摘　　要：目的 分析2005-2016年湖南省其他感染性腹泻(除霍乱、痢疾、伤寒、副伤寒以外)流行病学特征,为防控措施提供科学依据。 方法 通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统“传染病报告信息系统”收集2005-2016年湖南省其他感染性腹泻统计报表和病例信息,运用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。 结果 2005-2016年湖南省共报告其他感染性腹泻病例262 396例,年报告发病率范围15.84/10万~45.57/10万,报告发病率整体呈现上升趋势(χ2趋势=16 974.39,P<0.001)。年龄以5岁以下儿童(55.0%)、60岁及以上人群(10.8%)为主;职业以散居儿童(52.1%)、农民(22.2%)为主。每年呈现夏季(7-9月)、冬季(11-次年1月)两个高峰期。年均报告发病率居前五位的地市是永州市(71.6/10万)、株洲市(63.8/10万)、娄底市(56.5/10万)、长沙市(50.8/10万)和张家界市(38.9/10万)。病毒感染占90.3%(3 318/3 676),细菌感染占9.06%(333/3 676);病毒感染病例中93.1%为轮状病毒感染,细菌感染病例中67.3%为沙门氏菌感染。细菌感染高峰在5-10月,病毒感染高峰在1月、11-12月。 结论 湖南省2005-2016年其他感染性腹泻呈现夏季和冬季两个发病高峰,5岁以下散居儿童、60岁及以上老人、农民是高发人群;感染的主要病原体为轮状病毒、沙门氏菌,夏秋季以细菌性感染为主,冬春季以病毒性感染为主。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of infectious diarrhea other than cholera, dysentery, typhoid and paratyphoid in Hunan Province from 2005 to 2016, and to provide a scientific basis for their prevention and control. Methods Statistical statements and information of the reported other infectious diarrhea cases in Hunan Province during 2005-2016 were collected from Infectious Disease Report Information System of the National Disease Prevention and Control Information System, and then descriptive epidemiological analysis was performed. Results A total of 262,396 other infectious diarrhea cases were reported in Hunan Province from 2005 to 2016. The annual reporting incidence rates were between 15.84/100,000 and 45.57/100,000, with a rising trend (χ2tendency=16,974.39, P<0.001). Most of the cases were aged under 5 years old(55.0%)and 60 years and above(10.8%). The majority of the patients were scattered children(52.1%) and farmers (22.2%). There were two incidence peaks in summer (from July to September) and winter (from November to January of the following year) in each year. The top five cities with high annual incidence rate were Yongzhou City (71.6/100,000), Zhuzhou City (63.8/100,000), Loudi City (56.5/100,000), Changsha City (50.8/100,000) and Zhangjiajie City (38.9/100,000). Cases with viral or bacterial infection accounted for 90.3% (3,318/3,676) and 9.06% (333/3,676) respectively. Cases with rotavirus infection accounted for 93.1% of the viral infection cases, while cases with Salmonella infection occupied 67.3% of the bacterial infection cases. The peak of bacterial infection occurred in May-October, while the peaks of viral infection in January and November-December. Conclusions There were two incidence peaks of other infectious diarrhea occurring in summer and winter in Hunan Province during 2005-2016. Scattered children under 5 years old, the elderly aged 60 years and above and farmers were the high risk groups. The main pathogens causing infections were rotavirus and Salmonella.

关 键 词：其他感染性腹泻 流行病学特征 监测 

分 类 号：R516.1[医药卫生—内科学]