含碳氢燃料(ACH)的低特征信号富燃料推进剂特性  

Performances of low signature fuel rich propellant with hydrocarbon fuel(ACH)

作　　者：庞维强[1] 王可[1] 胥会祥[1] 付小龙[1] 李军强[1] 李焕[1] 邓重清[1] 樊学忠[1] PANG Weiqiang;WANG Ke;XU Huixiang;FU Xiaolong;LI Junqiang;LI Huan;DENG Chongqing;FAN Xuezhong(Xi'an Modem Chemistry Research Institute,Xi'an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]西安近代化学研究所,西安710065

出　　处：《固体火箭技术》2018年第6期732-739,共8页Journal of Solid Rocket Technology

基　　金：国防科工局计量项目(JSJL2014208A007)

摘　　要：随着低特征信号固体推进剂技术的发展,低特征信号富燃料推进剂的研究已受到国内外广泛关注。高能碳氢燃料部分替代富燃料推进剂中的金属燃料是降低推进剂特征信号的主要途径之一。采用激光粒度仪测试了烯烃类碳氢燃料(ACH)的粒径及粒径分布,利用TG-DTG热分析仪分析了ACH及含ACH的富燃料推进剂热分解特性,评价了ACH和含ACH的富燃料固体推进剂的机械安全性能(撞击感度和摩擦感度),采用靶线法和燃烧实验装置研究了推进剂的燃烧特性及火焰结构,分析了含ACH的富燃料推进剂的燃烧残渣率,并与不含ACH的富燃料推进剂进行了比较。结果表明,ACH的颗粒较均匀,明显呈现近"球形";富燃料推进剂的质量燃烧热值和体积燃烧热值随着ACH质量分数的增加均增大,而密度却减小; ACH的撞击感度和摩擦感度均较低,表明其自身本质是安全的,推进剂的特性落高H50随着ACH质量分数的增加而提高,而摩擦感度几乎不发生变化;在不同测试压力下,推进剂的燃速随ACH质量分数的增加而降低,而燃速压力指数却增大,压力指数提高了65.87%。The particle size and its distribution of high-energy hydrocarbon fuels ACH have been analyzed.The thermal decomposition characteristics of ACH particles and fuel rich solid propellant containing ACH have been investigated by means of TG-TDG technique.The combustion properties(burning rate,pressure exponent,and heat of combustion)and the combustion flame structure of fuel rich propellants were determined by using strand burner.Also,the mechanical sensitivity(impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity)of ACH and fuel rich solid rocket propellant containing ACH particles were explored,which were compared with propellants without ACH particles.Besides,the combustion residue percentages of fuel rich propellants were analyzed.The results show that the mass and volume heat of combustion of fuel rich propellant increase with the mass fraction increase of ACH in the formulations,whereas the density decreases with that.Both of the impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity of ACH particles are low, which indicates that it’s safe to be used in the propellant.Moreover,the impact sensitivity of propellant containing ACH is a little higher,but the friction sensitivity data shows little change compared to the referenced one.The burning rate of fuel rich solid propellant decreases with the mass fraction increase of ACH,but the pressure exponent was increased by 65.87 %.

关 键 词：燃烧化学 富燃料推进剂 高能碳氢燃料 燃烧性能 机械感度 

分 类 号：V512[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]