一锅法溶液缩聚制备高效阳离子絮凝剂及其絮凝性能  

Synthesis of an efficient cationic flocculant by one-pot solution polycondensation and its flocculation performance

作　　者：方润[1,2] 薛涵与 吴华忠 叶远松[1] FANG Run;XUE Hanyu;WU Huazhong;YE Yuansong(Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Minjiang University, Engineering Research Center of Green Dyeing and Finishing in Fujian Provincial University, Fuzhou, 350108, China;Fujian Engineering Research Center of New Chinese Lacquer Material, Fuzhou, 350108, China)

机构地区：[1]闽江学院化工与材料系,绿色染整福建省高校工程研究中心,福州350108 [2]福建省中国漆新型材料工程研究中心,福州350108

出　　处：《环境化学》2018年第12期2668-2676,共9页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51703090);福建省自然科学基金(2016J05039);闽江学院科技项目(MYK18024)资助.

摘　　要：以丙酮、二甲胺和甲醛为原料,采用一锅法溶液缩聚制备了一种新型阳离子高分子絮凝剂CPF.通过红外、核磁共振氢谱、凝胶渗透色谱和元素分析对CPF的分子结构进行了表征,通过絮凝实验研究了CPF对水中阴离子染料的絮凝脱色效果并探讨了絮凝机理.研究表明,CPF重均分子量为1.81×10~4,拥有胺基、醇羟基、羰基和醚键等极性官能团,大量质子化胺基赋予其很高的阳离子度.CPF对酸性、直接和活性阴离子染料的絮凝脱色率均达95%以上,脱色率随溶液pH降低而升高且不受水中无机盐的影响.该絮凝行为是"吸附电中和"与"吸附架桥"效应共同作用的结果.CPF对实际印染废水同样具有良好的絮凝脱色效果,但对组分复杂的混合印染废水化学需氧量(COD)的去除率较低,因此可作为一种高效的物化处理手段与生化处理配合用于印染废水的工业化处理.A novel cationic polymeric flocculant (CPF) was prepared by one-pot solution polycondensation using acetone, dimethylamine, formaldehyde as raw materials. The molecular structure of CPF was characterized by IR, 1H-NMR, GPC and elemental analysis. Its decoloration performance in removing anionic dyes from dye wastewater was studied by batch experiments. Meanwhile, the flocculation mechanism was discussed. Results showed that the weight-averaged molecular weight of CPF was 1.81×10^4 and that CPF contained various functional groups such as amines, alcoholic hydroxyls, carbonyls and ethers. The presence of large amount of amine groups result in high cationicity of CPF through protonation. CPF's decoloration efficiency in removing anionic dyes from dye wastewater increased with decreasing pH and was not affected by inorganic salts. Higher than 95% decoloration efficiency was achieved in treating anionic dye wastewaters containing acid, direct or reactive dyes during the flocculation experiments. The flocculation was attributed to two simultaneous mechanisms involving adsorption by charge neutralization and aggregation by bridging. Although the COD removal rate was relatively low in the case of composite dye wastewater with complex components, the flocculation and decoloration efficiency of CPF was outstanding in treating actual dye wastewater. Therefore, CPF can be used as an effective flocculant as part of the combined physico-chemical and biological methods in treating the industrial dye wastewater.

关 键 词：阳离子絮凝剂 溶液缩聚 絮凝机理 印染废水 

分 类 号：X791[环境科学与工程—环境工程]