3D打印技术在金属铸造领域的研究现状与展望  

Status and Prospect of the 3D Printing Technique in the Field of Metal Casting

作　　者：段望春 高佳佳 董兵斌 李研 刘少伟 楚珑晟[2] DUAN Wangchun;GAO Jiajia;DONG Bingbin;LI Yan;LIU Shaowei;CHU Longsheng(Gansu Academy of Mechanical Sciences,Department of Additive Manufacturing and Materials Engineering,Lanzhou 730030,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省机械科学研究院增材制造与新材料事业部,甘肃兰州730030 [2]西南交通大学材料科学与工程学院,四川成都610031

出　　处：《铸造技术》2018年第12期2895-2900,共6页Foundry Technology

基　　金：甘肃省重点研发计划-铝合金3D打印材料的制备及工艺研究(17YF1GA007)

摘　　要：综述了3D打印在快速熔模铸造、砂型铸造等金属铸造领域的研究现状及发展前景。3D打印技术应用于快速熔模铸造的研究中,多采用3D打印制造的原型替代传统的蜡模作为熔模,表面涂覆浆料,经过焙烧制得型壳,再进行铸件浇注成型;结合3D打印技术的砂型铸造可用于复杂结构的砂型(芯)的制造,其零部件尺寸精度较传统砂型铸造尺寸精度高,且具有高效率和低成本的显著优点。最后重点分析了国内外3D打印发展的现状,提出我国3D打印技术产业现阶段应重点突破高性能原材料、核心零部件与工艺软件的瓶颈,提升我国增材制造产业的核心竞争力。The current research status of the 3D printing technique in the field of metal casting was reviewed. In the application research of the 3D printing technique into rapid investment casting, as the investment mold, the traditional wax mold was always replaced by the prototypes produced by the 3D printing technique, coating with slurry on the surface, then roasting shell and casting mold. The 3D printing technique had significant advantages in sand casting, namely, the 3D printing technique can be used for the manufacture of the sand cores or sands with complex structures, the dimensional accuracy was higher than that of general sand castings. At the same time, it was high efficiency and low cost. Finally, the development state of the 3D printing technique at home and abroad was analyzed. It is proposed that the 3D printing technique industry in China should focus on breaking through the bottleneck of the high-performance raw materials, core components and process software, and enhancing the core competitiveness of additive manufacturing industry of China.

关 键 词：3D打印 熔模铸造 砂型铸造 发展前景 

分 类 号：TG249[金属学及工艺—铸造]