五氧化二氮/硝酸体系中活性质点的分析与研究  

The Analysis and Research of the Active Particles in N_2O_5/HNO_3 System

作　　者：李永祥 郭昊琪 柴笑笑 曹端林 王建龙 王松林 LI Yong-xiang;GUO Hao-qi;CHAI Xiao-xiao;CAO Duan-lin;WANG Jian-long;WANG Song-lin(School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学化学工程与技术学院,山西太原030051

出　　处：《中北大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第6期767-773,共7页Journal of North University of China(Natural Science Edition)

摘　　要：研究了绿色硝化剂N_2O_5/HNO_3溶液体系的硝化机理,探求硝化反应中的活性质点,配制不同浓度的N_2O_5/HNO_3溶液体系,结合红外光谱与拉曼光谱分析其特征峰,找出特征峰强度的变化规律,推断出硝化乌洛托品制备黑索今(RDX)中有效的活性质点.结果表明,N_2O_5/HNO_3体系中活性质点为NO_2^+、H_2NO_3^+和HNO_3分子,加入足量N_2O_5与乌洛托品反应过程中硝酸浓度不会降低,体系中硝酸所起到的主要是溶剂作用和活性质点作用.The nitration reaction mechanism and the active particles in reaction of green nitration agent N2O5/HNO3 solution system were studied.The change rules of characteristic peaks intensity in different N2O5/HNO3 solution system were identified by combining Infrared spectrum and Raman spectrum, which can infer its effective active particles in the nitration reaction of synthesizing RDX from nitrifing urotropine.Results indicate that the active sites in N2O5/HNO3 solution system are NO2^+,H2NO3^+and HNO3 molecules,and the nitric acid concentration don't decrease during the reaction of nitrifing urotropine with enough N2O5,and the main roles that nitric acid plays are solvent and active particles.

关 键 词：绿色硝化 五氧化二氮 硝酸阳离子 硝酸合氢离子 硝酸分子 

分 类 号：TJ303.4[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程]