渤黄海渔业资源三场一通道现状、问题及优化管理政策  

Status,Problems and Optimized Management of Spawning,Feeding,Overwintering Grounds and Migration Route of Marine Fishery Resources in Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea

作　　者：李晓炜[1,2] 赵建民 刘辉[1,2] 张华[1,2] 侯西勇 LI Xiaowei;ZHAO Jianmin;LIU Hui;ZHANG Hua;HOU Xiyong(Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research(YIC),Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS), Yantai Shandong 264003,China;Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes,YIC,CAS, Yantai Shandong 264003,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所,山东烟台264003 [2]中国科学院海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室(烟台海岸带研究所),山东省海岸带环境过程重点实验室,中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所,山东烟台264003

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报》2018年第5期147-157,共11页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项项目(No.XDA11020305);国家自然科学基金青年基金(No.31500389);国家自然科学基金国际合作项目(No.31461143032);中国科学院重点部署项目(KZZD-EW-14)资助.

摘　　要：对多数海洋生物资源来说,产卵场、索饵场、越冬场、洄游通道(三场一通道)是年生活周期中不可缺少的重要环节,对维持种群结构和数量有重要意义。位于渤黄海的三场一通道是多种渔业资源的重要栖息地,然而,近年来主要由于大规模围填海、海洋环境污染、过度捕捞、经济开发、气候变化等因素影响,导致渤黄海三场一通道功能降低、资源衰竭,因此,本文基于文献综述,对该区域三场一通道现状、历史变化进行梳理,分析其面临的主要问题,明确造成这些问题的原因,基于此,建议从生态功能保护的角度对围填海活动进行控制,通过生态补偿手段进行污染治理,对三场一通道的关键区域进行生态恢复,增加产卵季黄河口冲淡水,等,以促进黄渤海三场一通道的可持续管理。For most marine organisms,spawning,feeding and overwintering grounds and migration route are important links and habitats in their life cycle for maintaining the population structure and size.The spawning,feeding,overwintering grounds,and migration route in the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea,important fishery habitats,are facing functional decline and resource depletion in recent years due to extensive reclamation,marine environmental pollution,overfishing,economic development and climate change.In this paper,based on the literaturesavaillable,we focused on the spawning,feeding and overwintering grounds and migration route in Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea and summarized their status,changes,problems as well as the causes of these problems.For sustainable management,we suggested to control the reclamation in the perspective of ecological function protection,control pollution by ecocompensation,increase freshwater in Yellow River Delta in the spawning season and ecologically restoring the key areas.

关 键 词：渤海 黄海 产卵场 索饵场 越冬场 洄游通道 

分 类 号：Q958.11[生物学—动物学]