天津海域人工鱼礁区浮游动物群落结构及其与环境因子的相关性研究  

Community Structure of Zooplankton in Artificial Reef Area of Tianjin Seashore and Its Relationship with Environmental Factors

作　　者：戴媛媛[1] 侯纯强[1] 杨森[2] 张博伦[1] 于莹[1] 王硕[1] 陈卫[1] 房恩军[1] 高燕[1] 郭彪[1] 杨文颖 张晶伟 DAI Yuanyuan;HOU Chunqiang;YANG Sen;ZHANG Bolun;YU Ying;WANG Suo;CHEN Wei;FANG Enjun;GAO Yan;GUO Biao;YANG Wenying;ZHANG Jingwei(Tianjin Bohai Aquatic Research Institute,Tianjin Ocean Ranch Engineering Technology Center, Tianjin 300457,China;Tianjin Marine Environmental Protection and Rehabilitation Engineering Center, Tianjin University of Science and Technology,Tianjin 300457,China)

机构地区：[1]天津渤海水产研究所天津市海洋牧场工程技术中心,天津300457 [2]天津市海洋环境保护与修复技术工程中心,天津科技大学,天津300457

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报》2018年第5期163-170,共8页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

基　　金：天津市农业科技成果转化与推广项目(201304150);天津市水产局青年科技创新项目(2018cz08);天津渤化化工有限公司“两化”搬迁改造渔业资源修复项目;天津浮式(LNG)接受终端项目海洋渔业资源修复项目;天津港大港港区10万吨级巷道工程海洋渔业资源修复增殖放流监测评估;天津液化天然气(LNG)项目海洋渔业资源修复;天津临港海洋重工建造基地码头工程海洋渔业资源修复项目;天津市渔业发展服务中心青年科技创新项目(J2016-10青)资助.

摘　　要：为更好地了解天津海域人工鱼礁区浮游动物的群落结构特征及其与主要环境因子的关系,本项目于2016年春季(5月)、夏季(7月)和秋季(10月)分别进行了3个航次的调查采样,并监测了常规环境因子。结果表明,春、夏和秋季天津海域人工鱼礁区共鉴定出浮游动物5大类36种,其中桡足类14种;浮游幼虫12类;腔肠类6种;糠虾类3种和毛颚类1种。春季、夏季和秋季优势种变化明显,其中春季优势种为太平洋真宽水蚤(Eurytemora pacifica)、半球美螅水母(Clytia hemisphaerica)、中华哲水蚤(Clalnus sinicus)和长尾类幼虫(Macruran larva);夏季优势种有拟长腹剑水蚤(Oithona similis)和短尾类溞状幼虫(Brachyura zoea larva);秋季仅为中华哲水蚤(Clalnus sinicus)占主要优势。相关分析表明,人工鱼礁区浮游动物多样性以及均匀性都有不同程度的增加,说明天津海域人工鱼礁海洋生物多样性得到了一定程度的改善。CCA结果表明,盐度和水温是影响天津海域人工鱼礁区浮游动物群落分布的主要环境因子。To better describe the community structure of zooplankton in the artificial reef area of Tianjin in Bohai Bay and its relationship with major environmental factors,three cruise surveys in spring(May),summer(July)and autumn(October)of 2016 were carried out with the conventional environmental factors monitored and recorded.The results showed that 36 species of zooplankton,including 14 species of copepods,12 species of phytoplankton larvae;6 kinds of coelenterates;3 species of shrimp and 1 species of hairy shrimp existed in the artificial reef area.The dominant species in spring,summer and autumn changed obviously.The dominant species in spring were Eurytemora pacifica,Clytia hemisphoerica,Clalnus sinicus and Macruranlarva;in summer were Oithona similis and Brachyura zoealarva;and in Autumn was Clalnus sinicus alone.Correlation analysis showed that the diversity and uniformity of zooplankton in the artificial reef area increased by varying degrees,indicating that the overall construction of artificial reefs in the area had improved the marine ecological protection to some extent.The results of CCA showed that salinity and water temperature were the main environmental factors affecting the distribution of zooplankton community structure in the artificial reefs of Tianjin seashore.

关 键 词：浮游动物 环境因子 人工鱼礁 典型相关分析 

分 类 号：Q179.1[生物学—水生生物学]