上海市2011-2017年风疹病毒基因特征分析  

Analysis on genetic characteristics of rubella virus isolates from 2011 to 2017 in Shanghai, China

作　　者：杨玉颖 王静[2] 唐伟[2] 朱贞[3] 李云逸[2] 王嘉瑜[2] 李崇山[2] 刘畅[1] Yang Yuying;Wang Jing;Tang Wei;Zhu Zhen;Li Yunyi;Wang Jiayu;Li Chongshan;Liu Chang(Department of Microbiology and Immunology,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200025,China;Division of Pathogen Testing and Analysis,Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 200336,China;National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院免疫学与微生物学系,200025 [2]上海市疾病预防控制中心病原生物检定所,200336 [3]中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所,北京102206

出　　处：《中华实验和临床病毒学杂志》2018年第6期588-594,共7页Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology

基　　金：十三五国家传染病防治科技重大专项上海市传染病病原谱及流行规律研究(2017ZX10103009-003);上海市第四轮公共卫生三年行动计划高端海外研修团队项目(GWTD2015S01).

摘　　要：目的分析2011—2017年上海市风疹病毒(rubella virus,RV)野毒流行株的分子流行病学特征。方法选择2011—2017年上海市报告疑似麻疹/风疹病例中经实验室诊断排除麻疹,确定为风疹病例所对应的咽拭子标本进行RV分离,用一步法逆转录-聚合酶链式反应(reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction,RT-PCR)扩增病毒E1基因,扩增产物进行核苷酸序列测定,并进行分子流行病学分析。结果684份咽拭子标本共分离到395株RV,获得其中377株RV的739个核苷酸(nucleotide,nt)(nt8731~9469)序列。序列同源性分析表明,377株RV分离株分别属于两个不同的基因型,109株为1E基因型,与来自中国的参考株(RVi/Shandong.CHN/0.02/)亲缘性关系更近,其他分离株均为2B基因型,5株分离株在2B基因型中成一个独立小分支。377株RV分离株大部分的核苷酸突变为无义突变,氨基酸(aminoacid,aa)序列高度保守,除1株外所有1E基因型RV分离株在E1蛋白aa338位点发生相同突变(亮氨酸→苯丙氨酸),而2B基因型分离株以及其他基因型WHO参考株在该位点均未发生改变。结论2011—2017年上海市存在两种不同基因型RV流行,其中2011—2013年1E基因型为优势基因型。继2011年首次监测到2B基因型RV后,便持续存在流行,并自2014年起成为上海市的优势基因型。Objective To analyze the molecular epidemiological characteristics of rubella virus wild strains isolated in Shanghai during 2011-2017. Methods Throat swabs were collected from suspected measles or rubella patients in Shanghai during 2011-2017, which were identified as rubella and excluded measles by laboratory tests. Throat swabs were used to conduct cell culture for rubella virus isolation. After identification by RT-PCR, the nucleic acid of gene E1 of rubella virus was amplified and sequenced, followed by molecular epidemiological analysis. Results Totally 395 strains of rubella virus were isolated from 684 throat swabs. Compared 377 isolates with the WHO reference strains of all genotypes, phylogenetic tree was constructed based on the amplified 739 nucleotides sequences. These isolates were characterized as two genotypes respectively, 109 strains were defined as genotype 1E which were closer to the WHO reference strain from China (RVi/Shandong.CHN/0.02/), and others were genotype 2B while 5 strains of them were defined as a lineage. Most of the nucleotide mutations were nonsense mutation, and the amino acid sequences were highly conserved. All the genotype 1E rubella viruses except one strain had the same mutation at aa338 site. Conclusions Two genotypes of rubella virus circulated in Shanghai during 2011-2017.Genotype 1E appeared to be the predominant genotype during 2011-2013, genotype 2B was continuously existing since being found in 2011 and appeared to be the predominant genotype during 2014-2016.

关 键 词：风疹病毒 2B基因型 1E基因型 

分 类 号：R440[医药卫生—诊断学] R511.2[医药卫生—临床医学]