叠后地震资料几何属性驱动采集脚印压制技术应用效果探讨  

Application effects of acquisition footprint suppression driven by geometric attribute on post-stacked seismic data

作　　者：陈志刚 吴瑞坤 马辉 韩宇春 孙星 赵倩 CHEN Zhi-gang;WU Rui-kun;MA Hui;HAN Yu-chun;SUN Xing;ZHAO Qian(BGP Geological Research Center,Hebei Zhuozhou 072751,China;China National Oil and Gas Exploration and Development Corporation (CNODC),Beijing 100034,China)

机构地区：[1]东方地球物理公司研究院地质研究中心,河北涿州072751 [2]中国石油国际勘探开发有限公司,北京100034

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2018年第6期2304-2309,共6页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2016ZX05029005);中国石油集团重大专项(2016D-4302)联合资助

摘　　要：采集脚印是一种地震噪声,目前主要是在地震采集阶段和处理阶段进行压制.早在1999年,地球物理学家提出了一种在地震解释阶段压制采集脚印的方法,即叠后地震资料几何属性驱动采集脚印自适应压制技术,但由于方法提出后,可以应用的几何属性较少,因此没有广泛应用,近年来,随着倾角、方位角、曲率等几何属性的提出,几何属性驱动采集脚印自适应压制技术具备了应用的条件.本文基于属性驱动采集脚印压制技术,对印尼某油田的地震采集脚印的压制进行了尝试,首先选择能够突出脚印的最好的几何属性,通过垂向中值滤波压制水平地层响应从而增强垂向排列的采集脚印响应;然后在Kx-Ky域中发现采集脚印和重构脚印噪声,自适应地在每个地震切片中从原始数据中减去脚印噪声数据,其次,在噪声消除后的数据中,重新计算属性,增强地质特征信号的图像;最终,利用原始地震资料和脚印压制的地震资料进行属性提取,认为属性驱动采集脚印压制技术可以消除大部分采集脚印,但可能对地震振幅也存在部分损伤,但总体上对地震解释人员具有一定的应用价值.Acquisition footprint is a kind of seismic noise,which is mainly suppressed during the seismic acquisition and processing periods.In early 1999,some geophysicists proposed a method of suppressing acquisition footprint during seismic interpretation,that is,the adaptive suppressing technology of acquisition footprint driven by geometric attribute on post-stack seismic data.However, there were few geometric attribute applicable when the method was proposed,thus it had not been widely used for several years.In recent years,with the proposition of geometric attributes like inclination,azimuth,curvature etc,the technology has the right application conditions already.The acquisition footprint of seismic data in an Indonesia oilfield was suppressed by this method.First, the best geometric attributes that can protrude the footprints were selected,and the response of the horizontal formation was suppressed by vertical median filtering,thus to enhance the acquisition footprint response vertically aligned.Then,the acquisition footprint and reconstructed footprint noise were found in the Kx-Ky domain,and adaptively the footprint noise data was subtracted from the original data in each seismic slice.Next,the attributes were recalculated in the noise-canceled data,thus to enhance the image of the geologic feature signal.Finally,the original seismic data and the seismic data after footprint suppression were used to extract the attributes.It is concluded that most of acquisition footprints can be eliminated by the method,which has some damages to the seismic amplitude,hut it has a certain application value in general.

关 键 词：采集脚印 属性驱动 自适应压制 几何属性 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]