滑坡位移监测方法综述  

Overview of landslide displacement monitoring methods

作　　者：赵永红[1] 王航[1] 张琼[1] 徐安东 田罡 ZHAO Yong-hong;WANG Hang;ZHANG Qiong;XU An-dong;TIAN Gang(Department of Geophysics,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学地球物理学系,北京100871

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2018年第6期2606-2612,共7页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41274094;40821062;40872133)资助

摘　　要：滑坡是一种分布广泛的常见地质灾害,经常造成人员伤亡和财产损失,因此,滑坡监测一直是防灾减灾的重要手段.常用的滑坡监测方法有宏观地质监测法、大地精密测量法、GPS法,近年来也出现了许多新的测量方法,如TDR监测法和近景摄影测量法等,其中,地表位移测量是最主要的监测手段.本文总结了前人关于滑坡监测方法的理论和实践,讨论了如何建立滑坡地表监测与滑坡预兆之间的联系,分析了滑坡地表位移反映滑坡滑移过程需要满足的条件,并对与地表监测有关的滑坡预测方法提出建议.特别对近年来发展起来的的数字图像相关方法给出了详细的评述,该方法对光学图像的滑坡灰度特征进行匹配求解二维滑坡位移场,是一个可以对地表位移及其变化过程进行全场和实时监测的非常有效的新方法.Landslide is a widely distributed geological disaster, often causing casualties and property damage,therefore,landslide monitoring has been an important means of disaster prevention and mitigation.Commonly used landslide monitoring methods are macro geological monitoring method,high precision geodesy method,GPS method.In recent years,there have been many new measurement methods,such as TDR monitoring method and close-range photogrammetry,etc.,of which the surface displacement measurement is the most important Monitoring means.This paper summarizes the previous theory and practice of landslide monitoring methods, discusses how to establish the link between landslide surface monitoring and landslide omen,analyzes how landslide surface displacement reflects the landslide slipping procession,and a landslide prediction method is proposed.This paper gives a detailed review of the digital image correlation methods developed in recent years.The method is used to match the gray features of the landslide of the optical image to solve the two-dimensional landslide displacement field.It is a very effective method to simulate the surface displacement and its variation from whole field and real-time monitoring.

关 键 词：滑坡 监测 相关方法 预测 

分 类 号：P315[天文地球—地震学] P631[天文地球—固体地球物理学]