不同免疫策略时期山东省流行性腮腺炎流行特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of mumps during periods with different mumps immunization strategies in Shandong province

作　　者：熊萍[1] 张伟燕[1] 刘晓冬[1] 刘尧[1] 王常银[1] 房学强[1] 徐爱强[1] 许青[1] Xiong Ping;Zhang Weiyan;Liu Xiaodong;Liu Yao;Wang Changyin;Fang Xueqiang;Xu Aiqiang;Xu Qing(Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jinan 250014,Shandong ,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2018年第6期648-653,共6页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基　　金：2017-2018年度山东预防医学会智飞疾病预防控制技术研究基金项目计划(LYH2017-04);泰山学者工程项目(ts201511105)

摘　　要：目的分析山东省含腮腺炎成分疫苗(MuCV)不同免疫策略时期流行性腮腺炎(流腮)的流行特征。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集山东省2004-2017年流腮报告病例资料,比较无序免疫时期(2004-2008年)、1剂次免疫时期(2009-2013年)、2剂次免疫时期(2014-2017年)流腮发病率等指标。结果山东省3个免疫策略时期流腮年平均发病数分别为7 539例、15 355例、6 938例,年平均发病率分别为8.14/10万、16.07/10万、7.06/10万;0-4岁组发病构成比分别为11.34%、14.20%、25.35%,5-14岁组分别为71.74%、63.90%、56.21%。2006-2017年共报告流腮突发公共卫生事件80起,其中76起发生于中小学校;3个免疫策略时期年平均分别报告10.00起、7.80起、2.75起。1剂次MuCV接种率从2005年出生儿童的51.90%上升到2016年出生儿童的95.19%,2剂次MuCV接种率从2005年出生儿童的24.08%上升到2011年出生儿童的76.26%。结论 2剂次MuCV免疫策略对山东省流腮疫情控制效果明显。应加强中小学校的流腮监测和学龄前儿童第2剂次MuCV接种工作。Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of mumps under different mumps containing vaccine(MuCV) immunization strategies in Shandong province. Methods We obtained reports of mumps cases during 2004-2017 from the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System and compared mumps incidence rates during the pre-EPI period(2004-2008), the 1-dose MuCV period(2009-2013), and the 2-dose period(2014-2017). Results In the 3 periods, an average of 7 539, 15 355, and 6 938 mumps cases were reported annually in Shandong, respectively, for incidence rates of 8.14, 16.07, and 7.06 cases per 100 000 population. Respective percentages of mumps cases in the 3 periods were 11.34%, 14.20%, and 25.35% among 0-4-year-olds, and 71.74%, 63.90%, and 56.21% among 5-14-year-olds. A total of 80 mumps outbreaks were reported during 2006-2017; 76 outbreaks occurred in primary or middle schools; annual averages of 10.00, 7.80, and 2.75 outbreaks occurred in the 3 periods, respectively. Coverage of 1 dose of MuCV increased from 51.90% among children born in 2005 to 95.19% among children born in 2016, and coverage of 2 doses of MuCV increased from 24.08% among children born in 2005 to 76.26% among children born in 2011. Conclusions The 2-dose MuCV immunization strategy was effective in controlling mumps in Shandong. We should strengthen mumps surveillance in primary and middle schools, and ensure that children receive 2 doses of MuCV prior to starting school.

关 键 词：流行性腮腺炎 免疫策略 流行特征 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]