古典的与现代的:两种阶级观念的文化社会学解析  

The Classical and The Modern: Two Concepts of Class in the View of Cultural Sociology

作　　者：张弘[1] Zhang Hong

机构地区：[1]华东师大中文系

出　　处：《上海文化》2018年第12期5-22,77,124,共20页Shanghai Culture

摘　　要：本文采取近年形成的文化社会学的研究视角,选择亚里士多德和马克斯·韦伯两个典型文本,解析和比较了他们的阶级观念,说明古典与现代不同时代的阶级观念都是特定文化场域下的现象产物,带有历史文化的深刻印记。作为人类认知思维的结果,阶级观念是人们赋予社会的意义结构之一,反过来人们也在这一意义结构中找到自己存在的位置。就在意义的发生、衍化、嫁接、反置与被消耗的过程中,文化得以形成。但因文化场域的巨大而无形的功能作用,人很难自觉并加以超越,为此科学研究必须追问作为根基而自明的东西。By close-reading two typical texts by Aristotle and Weber in the view of cultural sociology formed recently,this article analyses and compares their thoughts of class and argues that every concept of class in different eras,including the classical and the modern,is the phenomenal product of special cultural fields with profound historical and cultural marks.The concept of class,as a result of cognition,is one of the meaning structures human beings have given to the society,in which they also search for their own existence in return.It is through the process in which meanings emerge,evolve,transfer,back-feed,use up and reset that cultures are shaped.However,the functional power of the cultural field is so gigantic and invisible that it is hard for human beings to recognize and then transcend it.The self-evident essence would be the object of scientific researches.

关 键 词：文化社会学 阶级观念 文化场域 

分 类 号：G05[文化科学]