水生态完整性监测评价的基准与参照状态探究  

Developing the Benchmark and Reference Condition for Monitoring and Assessment of Ecological Integrity of Surface Waters

作　　者：许宜平[1] 王子健[2] XU Yiping;WANG Zijian(Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology,Beijing 100085,China;Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry,Beijing 100085,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心中国科学院饮用水科学与技术重点实验室,北京100085 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境水质学国家重点实验室,北京100085

出　　处：《中国环境监测》2018年第6期1-9,共9页Environmental Monitoring in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41571469;21437006);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2018ZX07111004);2018年环境损害评估项目(2018A052)

摘　　要：水生态完整性评价通过对水生态系统中不同生态组分(非生物和生物)的监测,整合物理栖息地、环境水质和生物特征形成综合评价指数来反映水生态系统健康状况,是流域水环境管理的重要手段。笔者尝试从水生态完整性评价中基准与参照状态的核心要素出发,探讨基准与参照状态的概念框架与具体定义,综述评价参照状态的四大类确定方法(基于分类学的参照位点法、历史数据法,针对特定位点的模型预测法以及提供经验解释与描述的专家判断法),并对参照状态研究的挑战与应用予以展望。Ecological Integrity monitoring and assessment are critical for watershed management because bioassessment integrates the biological,physical and chemical features of a waterbody,and characterizes healthy condition of aquatic ecosystem.Benchmarks based on reference conditions provide context and are a critical element of ecological integrity assessments.The conceptual framework of benchmarks and reference conditions,and specific definitions for different states of reference conditions were discussed for a better understanding.Four general types of approaches were reviewed to predict reference conditions (classification of reference-sites,interpretation of historical records,site-specific prediction models,as well as best professional judgment with comparable experience).Finally,concluding remarks and recommendations for reference condition in ecological integrity assessment were proposed.

关 键 词：参照状态 生态基准 水生生物监测 生态完整性评价 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]