环境DNA宏条形码监测水生态系统变化与健康状态  

Using Environmental DNA Metabarcoding to Monitor the Changes and Health Status of Aquatic Ecosystems

作　　者：李飞龙 杨江华[1] 杨雅楠[1] 张效伟[1] LI Feilong;YANG Jianghua;YANG Yanan;ZHANG Xiaowei(State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control &Resource Reuse,School of the Environment,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023, China)

机构地区：[1]污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,南京大学环境学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《中国环境监测》2018年第6期37-46,共10页Environmental Monitoring in China

基　　金：国家重大水专项课题(2017ZX07602-002).

摘　　要：开展快速可靠的水生态监测并预测其变化趋势,对保护水生态环境具有重要的价值。近年来,环境DNA宏条形码技术(简称环境DNA技术)的快速发展弥补了传统形态学生物监测的缺陷,显著提升了水生生物群落的监测能力。与机器学习、遥感和云服务等技术结合,环境DNA技术不仅能大尺度、高频率、高灵敏度、自动化地获取生态监测信息,而且能准确地识别水生态系统的变化趋势,进而改变对水生态系统的认识与管理方式。因此,研究着重总结了环境DNA技术在水生态监测中的应用,分析了环境DNA技术与机器学习、卫星遥感等跨学科合作的潜在机遇,基于环境DNA技术简单、便捷的优势,提出了社会公民参与水环境保护的生态监测新思路。Rapid and reliable monitoring and prediction of ecological change trend is of great value to the protection of aquatic ecosystems. Recently, the rapid development of environmental DNA(eDNA) metabarcoding approaches has significantly improved the monitoring ability of aquatic ecosystems. Integrating eDNA metabarcoding approaches into machine learning, remote sensing, and other interdisciplinary technologies, could not only allow sensitive automated biomonitoring of aquatic ecosystems in high spatial and temporal resolution at larger scales, but also allow more accurate and cost-effective detection of ecological changes, and eventually revolutionize our understanding and management methods on aquatic ecosystem. Therefore, the application of eDNA metabarcoding approaches in aquatic ecosystems monitoring was mainly summarized in this paper. Meanwhile, focuses were paid on the potential opportunities of combining eDNA metabarcoding approaches with multiple interdisciplinary technologies(machine learning, remote sensing) in aquatic ecosystem monitoring. Finally, given the advantages of eDNA metabarcoding approaches, i.e. simple and convenient operation, and the potential chance to be popularized to citizen, we pioneered a novel idea for the implementation of water environmental protection with whole citizen participation.

关 键 词：环境DNA 生物监测 机器学习 遥感 公民科学团体 

分 类 号：X84[环境科学与工程—环境工程]