全面二孩政策下四川省生育状况及意愿现状调查  

Investigation on fertility status and willingness to second child in Sichuan Province under two-child policy

作　　者：王红[1] 聂晶[1] 尚佳 白永莲 周群英 WANG Hong;NIE Jing;SHANG Jia;BAI Yong-lian;ZHOU Qun-ying(Sichuan Provincial Hospital for Women and Children,Sichuan Chengdu ,610000,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省妇幼保健院,四川成都610000

出　　处：《中国妇幼健康研究》2018年第12期1534-1539,共6页Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research

摘　　要：目的了解全面二孩政策下四川省的生育现状及生育愿意。方法采用多层整群随机抽样方法,以自制调查问卷为调查工具,于2017年9至11月随机抽取四川省4个区域不同的生育状态家庭进行问卷调查,并对结果进行统计描述与分析。结果四川省52.9%的家庭目前仅有一个孩子,正在怀二孩及有二孩以上的家庭占27.5%;出生年份在1979年之前的夫妇目前怀二孩及已有二孩的比率最高(χ2=179.371,P<0.05),分别为16.67%和34.31%;有初中教育程度的夫妇更倾向于怀二孩及有二孩者分别为17.82%和32.67%(χ2=70.141,P<0.05);在1980至1989年间出生的夫妇其生育二孩的意愿最低,仅占19.58%(χ2=23.471,P<0.05);调查中影响育龄夫妇愿意生育二孩的主要原因是希望孩子有个伴,占73.97%,而不愿意生育二孩的主要原因是因为经济负担太重(58.99%)、没有人照顾孩子(39.04%)及照料负担太重(38.92%)。结论四川省目前怀有二孩和有二孩以上的家庭比例较低,且大部分育龄夫妇对于生育二孩处于不愿意或犹豫的状态,来自经济及照料的负担是影响其生育二孩的主要原因。Objective To investigate the fertility status and childbearing willingness of all regions in Sichuan Province under the universal two-child policy.Methods Using the multi-cluster random sampling method and self-made questionnaire survey tool, questionnaire survey was carried out in families with different fertility status randomly selected from four regions in Sichuan Province from September to November 2017,and data was statistically described and analyzed.Results There was only one child in 52.9% of families in Sichuan.Families with two children and having more than two children accounted for 27.5%.Couples born before 1979 had the highest rates of being pregnant for second child and having two children (x^2=179.371,P<0.05),and the rate was 16.67% and 34.31%,respectively.Couples with junior middle school education tended to have two children or had two children (x^2=70.141,P<0.05),and the couples occupied 17.82% and 32.67%,respectively.The couples who were born in the period of 1980-1989 had the lowest willingness to have second child (x^2=23.471,P<0.05),only occupying 19.58%.The main reason for the second birth of childbearing couples in the survey was that they wanted a partner for child,accounting for 73.97%, and the main reasons for their reluctant birth were financial burden (58.99%),no one taking care of children (39.04%)and the burden of care (38.92%).Conclusion At present,the proportion of families with two and more than two children is low in Sichuan Province,and most couples of childbearing age are not willing or hesitant about the second child.The burden from economy and care is the main reason for their second birth.

关 键 词：全面二孩政策 生育意愿 生育状况 现状调查 

分 类 号：R172[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]