Lenke 1型青少年特发性脊柱侧弯矫形术中不同近端固定椎的疗效分析  

Effectiveness analysis of Lenke type 1 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis with different proximal fixation vertebra

作　　者：朱欢叶 李波[2] 简月奎[2] 孙泽宇 杨震[2] ZHU Huanye;LI Bo;JIAN Yuekui;SUN Zeyu;YANG Zhen(Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang Guizhou,550004,P.R.China;Department of Orthopedics,Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital,Guiyang Guizhou,550002,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学,贵阳550004 [2]贵州省人民医院骨科,贵阳550002

出　　处：《中国修复重建外科杂志》2019年第1期41-48,共8页Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

基　　金：贵州省人民医院国家自然科学基金补助基金项目(黔科合平台人才[2017]5724-5)~~

摘　　要：目的探讨近端固定在上端椎上一椎体与上端椎治疗术前右肩高的Lenke 1型青少年特发性脊柱侧弯(adolescent idiopathic scoliosis,AIS)的近期临床疗效。方法回顾分析2010年1月—2015年12月行后路矫形手术治疗的37例Lenke 1型AIS患者临床资料,按照近端固定椎不同分为两组:A组(17例),近端固定至上端椎上一椎体;B组(20例),近端固定至上端椎。两组患者性别、年龄、Risser征、双肩影像学高度差(radiographic shoulder height,RSH)、上胸弯柔韧度、主胸弯柔韧度、胸腰弯/腰弯柔韧度等一般资料比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术前、术后1个月及术后1、2年摄X线片测量主胸弯、上胸弯、胸腰弯/腰弯Cobb角,顶椎偏移距离(apical vertebral translation,AVT)、锁骨角(clavicle angle,CA)、RSH、躯干矢状位偏移、躯干冠状位偏移、胸椎后凸(thoracic kyphosis,TK)、腰椎前凸(lumbar lordosis,LL);并评价术后主胸弯矫正指标,包括术后1个月主胸弯矫正度和矫正率、AVT矫正,术后2年主胸弯矫正丢失度和丢失率。结果 A组手术时间和术中出血量均显著大于B组(P<0.05)。两组患者均获随访,A组随访时间2～4年,平均2.8年;B组2～3.5年,平均2.6年。围手术期及随访期间均无神经损伤等严重并发症发生,无融合失败、内固定物松动断裂、邻近节段退变和近端交界性后凸等并发症发生。两组患者术后1个月主胸弯矫正度、主胸弯矫正率及AVT矫正,以及术后2年主胸弯矫正丢失度和主胸弯矫正丢失率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组组内比较:除LL在手术前后各时间点间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)外,其余各指标术后各时间点均较术前显著改善(P<0.05)。RSH、CA、上胸弯Cobb角、胸腰弯/腰弯Cobb角术后各时间点间比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),且在术后随访过程中存在自发性矫正现象;而主胸弯Cobb角、 AVT、TK、躯干矢状位和冠状位偏移在�Objective To investigate the short-term effectiveness of proximal fixation of one vertebra above to the upper end vertebra and the upper end vertebra in the treatment of Lenke type 1 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients with preoperative right higher shoulder. Methods The clinical data of 37 Lenke type 1 AIS patients treated with posterior correction between January 2010 and December 2015 were retrospectively analysed. According to proximal fixation vertebra, the patients were divided into 2 groups: group A (n=17), proximal fixation of one vertebra above to the upper end vertebra; group B (n=20), proximal fixation of the upper end vertebra. There was no significant difference in gender, age, Risser stage, radiographic shoulder height (RSH), flexibility of proximal thoracic curve, flexibility of main thoracic curve, flexibility of thoracolumbar/lumbar curve between 2 groups (P>0.05). The main thoracic curve Cobb angle, proximal thoracic curve Cobb angle, thoracolumbar/lumbar curve Cobb angle, apical vertebral translation (AVT), clavicle angle (CA), RSH, coronal trunk shift, sagittal trunk shift, thoracic kyphosis (TK), and lumbar lordosis (LL) were measured by X-ray film before operation, and at 1 month, 1 year, and 2 years after operation. The correction indexes of main thoracic curve were evaluated, including the correction degree and correction rate of main thoracic curve and AVT correction at 1 month after operation, the loss degree and the loss rate of the correction of main thoracic curve at 2 years after operation. Results The operation time and intraoperation blood loss in group A were significantly greater than those in group B (P<0.05). All the patients were followed up, and the follow-up time was 2-4 years (mean, 2.8 years) in group A and 2-3.5 years (mean, 2.6 years) in group B. No serious complication such as nerve damage occurred during perioperative period and follow-up period. No complication such as failure of fusion, loosening and rupture of internal fixator, adjacent segment degenerati

关 键 词：青少年特发性脊柱侧弯 Lenke1型 近端固定椎 上胸弯 双肩平衡 

分 类 号：R687.3[医药卫生—骨科学]