复杂环境下烟囱的机械与定向爆破联合拆除  

Combined Mechanical and Directional Blasting Demolition of a Chimney in Complex Environment

作　　者：高文乐 吴超 张泽华 裴保华 黄均明 GAO Wen-le;WU Chao;ZHANG Ze-hua;PEI Bao-hua;HUANG Jun-ming(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 255590,China;Shandong Tianbao Dlasting Co Ltd,Linyi 275400,China)

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学土木工程与建筑学院,青岛266590 [2]山东天宝爆破有限公司,临沂276400

出　　处：《爆破》2018年第4期94-98,140,共6页Blasting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51279096)

摘　　要：介绍了在倒塌距离不足的复杂环境下,采用机械和定向爆破联合拆除的方法拆除80 m高的钢筋混凝土烟囱的工程实例。爆破缺口选择为正梯形,位置距烟囱底部23. 5 m处,缺口的长度为10. 8 m,高度为1. 5 m。通过合理的延期时差和起爆顺序,使烟囱倒塌时产生一定的后座,缩短了11. 5 m的上部烟囱倒塌距离,同时利用后座的剪切作用降低了6. 8 m下部烟囱的高度,保证烟囱剩余部分机械拆除的安全。通过合理的爆破参数设计和控制爆破危害效应的有效措施,爆破达到了预期的效果。An engineering example of demolishing an 80m reinforced concrete chimney by mechanical and directional blasting methods is introduced under the complex environment with an insufficient collapse distance.A trapezoidal blasting gap for this directional demolition blast is located 23.5m above the bottom of the chimney.The length of the gap is 10.8m and the height is 1.5m.Through a reasonable delay time interval and an initiation sequence,a certain recoil happens at the moment when the chimney is tilted.As a results,the collapse distance of the 11.5m upper chimney and the height of the 6.8m bottom part are shortened by the shearing action induced by the recoil so as to ensure the safety of mechanical demolition of the rest of the chimney.An expected result has been achieved through a reasonable design of blasting parameters and effective measures to control the harmful influences of the demolition blast.

关 键 词：定向爆破 爆破缺口 钢筋混凝土烟囱 安全防护 剪切作用 

分 类 号：TU746.5[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]