川西北高寒草甸优势植物生物量分配对策  

Plant biomass allocation strategies of the dominant species in an alpine meadow of northwestern Sichuan, China

作　　者：左有璐 王振孟 习新强 向双[1] 孙书存[1] ZUO Youlu;WANG Zhenmeng;XI Xinqiang;XIANG Shuang;SUN Shucun(CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu Institute of Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院成都生物研究所,中国科学院山地生态恢复与生物资源利用重点实验室,生态恢复与生物多样性保育四川省重点实验室,成都610041 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2018年第6期1195-1203,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31370594);“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0505002)资助.

摘　　要：生物量分配是整个植株净碳获取的重要驱动因子,对植物未来的生长与繁殖具有直接的影响;川西北高寒草甸植物群落结构丰富、物种多样性高,研究高寒草甸不同类型植物的生物量分配格局对理解植物生活史对策有重要意义.对川西北高寒草甸中天然草地、干扰草地和冬季返青草地等3类样地中不同功能型和生活型的植物共72个物种进行调查,采用标准化主轴估计(SMA)和异速生长分析(Allometric scaling analysis)的方法,比较研究不同植物类群的生物量分配对策.结果显示:(1)不同功能型植物各构件生物量百分比差异显著,禾草的茎生物量百分比最高(60.60%±3.07%),莎草的根生物量百分比较高(37.49%±11.86%),杂草类植物(Forb)的叶生物量百分比更高(26.37%±1.64%),各构件生物量之间的异速生长斜率在各功能型间无显著差异且均呈显著的同速生长关系;(2)生活型影响植物各构件生物量百分比大小,一年生植物对茎和繁殖构件投入的生物量比例相对更高,多年生植物则将更多生物量投资到根部;(3)样地类型对杂草类植物各构件的生物量具有显著影响,天然草地植物和返青植物的叶片与繁殖分配比更高,而干扰草地植物的茎生物量分配比更高.本研究表明植物功能型和生活型决定植物各构件生物量分配固有的异速生长关系,而人为干扰则显著影响植物的生物量大小,这对加强草地应对人类干扰和气候变化的响应研究以及高寒草甸生态系统的科学管理都有重要的理论与实践意义.Plant biomass partitioning is an important driver of whole-plant net carbon gain, as biomass allocation could directly affect plant’s future growth and reproduction. Alpine meadow in the northwestern Sichuan was impressed by the abundant community structure and species diversity. This study on biomass allocation pattern of different functional types and lifeforms might help understand plant life-history strategy of alpine meadow plants. We investigated 72 dominant herbaceous species for their compartments, biomass, and morphological traits during 2012-2014. These plants were sampled from natural grassland, disturbed grassland, and wintergreen grassland;they belonged to three functional types (grass, sedge, and forb) and two lifeforms (annual and perennial). The scaling relationships between functional traits of these plants were analyzed using Model type II regression method to estimate the parameters of the allometric equations. (1) Biomass allocation proportion of components significantly differed among grasses, sedges, and forbs owing to phylogeny: grasses had the highest stem biomass percentage, sedges had higher root biomass percentage, and forbs had higher leaf biomass percentage, but the scaling relationships were not significantly different, and isometric scaling was noted between biomass components for the three functional types. (2) Moreover, plant lifeforms affected the biomass allocation proportion of components, owing to the shorter or longer turnover rate and investment strategy between annual and perennial species. Annuals allocated more biomass to the stem and reproduction organs, but perennials invested more biomass to the leaves and roots. (3) In addition, plants from different grassland types differed in both biomass and morphology traits. Moreover, forbs from natural grassland and wintergreen grassland had higher leaf and reproductive biomass, but those from disturbed grasslands had higher stem biomass. Our results suggest that the functional type and lifeform decide the inherent scaling rel

关 键 词：异速生长 生活史对策 功能型 生活型 干扰草地 返青植物 人为干扰 

分 类 号：Q945.79[生物学—植物学] S812[农业科学—草业科学]