活禽市场开展应急休市的效果评估  

Effective evaluation of emergency closure to live poultry market

作　　者：陈惠欢 麦炜 邓鸿[1] 朱碧柳[1] 陈志鹏[1] CHEN Hui-huan;MAI Wei;DENG Hong;ZHU Bi-liu;CHEN Zhi-peng(Zhaoqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention ,Zhaoqing,Guangdong526060,China)

机构地区：[1]肇庆市疾病预防控制中心,广东肇庆526060

出　　处：《热带医学杂志》2018年第12期1666-1668,1676,共4页Journal of Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析活禽市场开展应急休市前后禽流感病毒污染和人感染H7N9禽流感疫情情况,评估应急休市措施的实施效果。方法在肇庆出现人感染H7N9禽流感病例的2个县区的活禽市场进行休市前、休市期间(1、2周)、复市1周共4轮的环境监测,分析各轮监测结果以及人感染H7N9禽流感病例的发病情况。结果共采集环境标本474份,A型流感病毒阳性率为29.96%,H5、H7、H9病毒亚型阳性率分别为0.63%、17.93%、0.63%;休市前H7病毒亚型阳性率为40.61%,休市1周后迅速降至1.63%,休市2周降至0,复市后开始回升,复市1周后上升至2.42%;休市前,城区市场H7病毒亚型(58.62%)污染程度较乡镇市场(14.81%)高(χ~2=37.949,P<0.001);休市前,污水类型标本的H7病毒亚型阳性率最高(100.00%),不同类型标本阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=12.246,P=0.032)。共发现10例病例,根据病例的发病时间以及现住址,休市前、休市期间分别有8、2例病例发病。结论应急休市能够明显降低人群暴露禽流感病毒风险、减少人感染H7N9禽流感病例的发生,是人感染H7N9禽流感疫情防控的有效措施。Objective To analyze and evaluate the avian influenza pollution and avian influenza A(H7N9) epidemics situation before and after emergency closure. Methods Live poultry markets where avian influenza A(H7N9) was occurred in Zhaoqing were selected to conduct four rounds environmental surveillance, include before the emergency closure, after one week, after two week,one week after the markets were reopened, and analyze the results of each round and the incidence of avian influenza A(H7N9). Results 474 specimens from the environment were collected and tested, positive rates for influenza A, H5, H7 and H9 nucleic acid were 29.96%, 0.63%, 17.93% and 0.63%, respectively. The positive rates for H7 reduced from 40.61% to 0 after two weeks emergency closure, increased to 2.42% after the markets reopened.The specimens from cage were positive in each round surveillance. The positive rates for H7 of urban markets was 58.62%,and was higher than that of the township markets( 14.81%); the difference was significant( χ~2=37.949,P<0.001). Before emergency closure, the positive rates for H7 was the highest for polluted water( 100.00%), the positive rates of different types of specimens were different(χ~2= 12.246, P=0.032). A total of 10 cases were found. According to the time of onset and the current address, before and during emergency closure were found 8 cases and 2 cases, respectively. Conclusion Emergency closure could significantly reduce the exposure to avian influenza and the incidence of avian influenza A(H7N9), which was effective to prevent and control avian influenza A(H7N9).

关 键 词：活禽市场 应急休市 H7N9 

分 类 号：R373.13[医药卫生—病原生物学]