进军深海科学前沿--我国参与大洋钻探的进展  

Towards the scientific frontier of deep-sea research—Progress of China's participation in ocean drilling

作　　者：翦知湣[1] Zhimin Jian(State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology,School of Ocean and Earth Science,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学海洋与地球科学学院,海洋地质国家重点实验室,上海200092

出　　处：《科学通报》2018年第36期3877-3882,共6页Chinese Science Bulletin

摘　　要：1进入国际深海基础研究前沿 1968年美国“格罗码·挑战者”深海钻探船首航墨西哥湾,开启了划时代的深海钻探计划(DSDP,1968~1983年).50年来,深海钻探计划历经国际大洋钻探计划(ODP,1985~2003年)、综合大洋钻探计划(IODP,2003~2013年)和当前的国际大洋发现计划(IODP,2013~2023年),成为地球科学领域迄今规模最大、影响最深的国际大科学计划,导致了地球科学一次又一次的重大突破,始终站在国际学术前沿.The International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP,2013-2023)and its predecessors the Deep Sea Drilling Program (DSDP,1968-1953),the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP,1985-2003),and the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP, 2003-2013)are the largest and most influential international scientific program in the field of geoscience.China joined the ODP in 1998,and four ocean drilling expeditions have been carried out so far in the South China Sea (SCS):ODP Leg 184in 1999with the theme of "East Asian monsoon evolution",IODP Expedition 349in 2014with the theme of "South China Sea seafloor spreading",and IODP Expeditions 367-368in 2017with the theme of "South China Sea rift- ed margin".There are 18deep-sea drilling sites in the four expeditions to the SCS,12 of which have water depths of more than 3000m and 7of which have penetrated the igneous basement,and nearly 10000m of sediment and rock have been recovered in total.The results of ocean drilling in the SCS have put forward our own understandings on climate evolution and basin formation.(1)According to the discovery of long eccentricity cycle of ocean carbon reservoir,a double driving hypothesis of climate evolution by ice sheet and tropical processes had been proposed,making the evolu- tion of low-latitude global monsoon,like the growth and decline of polar ice sheet,to become a new proposition of the International Past Global Change Study (PAGES).(2)The newly completed IDOP expeditions 367 and 368in the SCS have recovered the complete record of the SCS evolution from land to deep-sea,particularly including the discovery of the marine Eocene in the northern SCS,displaying that the seafloor spreading of the SCS propagated from east to west and probably originated from the western Philippine Sea to the east.These findings challenged the traditional view of the North Atlantic.The SCS is not a mini Atlantic and promising to provide a geological model for the formation and evolution of the marginal sea.These new discoveries and new knowledge make the SCS to be the most intens

关 键 词：国际大洋钻探计划 深海钻探计划 科学前沿 综合大洋钻探计划 地球科学 基础研究 墨西哥湾 科学计划 

分 类 号：P756.5[天文地球—海洋科学]