从私立到党化:1930年前后中国公学的易长与改组  

From Independence to Partisanship: the Change of President and Reorganization of China College around 1930s

作　　者：严海建[1] YAN Hai-jian

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学历史系

出　　处：《史林》2018年第6期127-142,216,217,共18页Historical Review

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目"变动社会中的投入与疏离:中国公学的历史(1906-1936)"(项目编号:17FZS044)阶段性成果

摘　　要：1927年春,国民革命军克复上海,原本由研究系执掌的中国公学改组,早期毕业的校友开始主导校董会。1930年5月,校长胡适因外部压力辞职,马君武继任。1930年10月,丁鷇音等人在校董会发起倒马运动,校内出现反马和拥马两派的对立,内部的分裂给了国民党上海特别市党部以可乘之机。在党部与校内反马势力的双重压力下,马君武被迫去职,"党国要人"邵力子继任。1931年11月,因学生抗日救国会改选的纠纷,执掌校政的上海国民党要人又相继去职。在国民党建政之后,地方党部力谋党化教育的背景下,相对弱势的私立学校成为其攘夺的主要目标。中国公学校内特殊的权力结构是造成其由私立到党化的关键因素,而党部最终放弃中国公学则反映了国民党党化教育的困境和局限。When the National Revolutionary Army conquered Shanghai in the spring of 1927,China College,which originally headed by Research Clique,was reorganized. Alumni who graduated earlier began to dominate the board. Ma Junwu took place of President Hu Shi who resigned because of external pressure in May1930. Later in October,Ding Kouyin and others launched the movement of anti-Mr. Ma in the board,which led to the opposition between those who opposed Mr. Ma and those who supported him. This offered opportunity for the party headquarters of KMT in Shanghai. Under the dual pressures,Ma Junwu was forced to resign and replaced by Shao Lizi,an important KMT member. Due to the dispute over the reelection of the Association of National Salvation in November 1931,the important KMT members who were in charge of school administration resigned one after another. In the context of the local party headquarters’ striving for party-oriented education,the relatively weak private schools became the main target.The special power structure in Chinese public school was the key factor that led to their transformation from private school to party-oriented school,and the final abandonment reflected the predicament and limitation of the party-oriented education of KMT.

关 键 词：中国公学 校长更易 党化教育 校园政治 

分 类 号：K263[历史地理—历史学]