试论苏轼对紫姑神的矛盾态度  

Try to Discuss Inconsistent Attitude of Su Shi about Toilet God Zi Gu

作　　者：刘勤[1] LIU Qin(College of Literature,Sichuan Normal University ,Chengdu 610068,China)

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学文学院,四川成都610068

出　　处：《青海师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2018年第6期96-104,共9页Journal of Qinghai Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"中国厕神信仰考论"(14CZW064);四川师范大学重点项目(14YB21)

摘　　要：苏轼因"乌台诗案"被贬黄州,在那里他参与了当地"迎紫姑"的习俗活动,并创作了几篇相关作品。十二年后,他被贬广东也遇此俗,感而为文。前后共计六篇作品。从这些作品可以看出苏轼对紫姑神的态度是复杂而矛盾的。他既同情紫姑的遭遇,赞叹她的才华,为之鸣冤叫屈,体现了士大夫强烈的生命意识和人文关怀,又不可避免地带有彼时男权社会挥之不去的性别偏见;他既把紫姑当作同是天涯沦落人的知己,自比、自悼,又自觉地与其疏离,甚至带有批判和揶揄色彩。这种矛盾的态度与他的被贬经历和佛道修行有关。Su shi was demoted to Huang Zhou because of "Wu Tai Poetry Case",There,he met and participated in the custom of "Ying Zi gu",then wrote several related works.Twelve years later,he was demoted to Guang Dong,and he also encountered this custom,having Some impressions and wrote an article. There are six works in total.From these works,it can be seen that Su shi's attitude towards the "Zi gu" goddess was complex and even contradictory.He sympathized with her sufferings,admired her talent,felt sorry and Shouted for her.All of these reflected scholar-bureaucrat's strong sense of life and humanistic care.However,there was inevitably a gender bias in the patriarchal society at that time.At the same time, he regarded the Zi gu as a bosom friend with the same fate,So he compared himself to her,and self-pity. However,he also consciously distanced himself from her,even with the color of criticism and ridicule.This ambivalence was first associated with his demotion and buddhist practice.

关 键 词：苏轼 紫姑神 自悼 性别文化 乌台诗案 佛道 仙鬼 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学] I206.4