国际规范的国内博弈:印尼劳工法争议中的政府、劳方与资方  

How to Deal with the International Norm: Government,Labor and Employers in Indonesian Manpower Law Disputes

作　　者：林晓齐 庄礼伟 LIN Xiaoqi;ZHUANGLiwei(Shenzhen World Union Real Estate Consultant Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen,China;School of International Studies,Jinan University,Guangzhou,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳世联行地产顾问股份有限公司 [2]暨南大学国际关系学院

出　　处：《东南亚研究》2018年第6期28-49,148,共23页Southeast Asian Studies

基　　金：广东省高校人文社科重大攻关项目"全球化视野下的小国发展研究"(11ZGXM84001);国家社科基金重大项目"构建21世纪海上丝绸之路的社会与文化基础研究"(14ZDB112)

摘　　要：目前,越来越多的国家接受了国际劳工规范。自1998年,在国际社会压力下,印尼政府批准了国际劳工组织第87号公约,进行了一系列的劳工法改革。然而,改革过程一路伴随着劳资双方的争议。2003年印尼国会通过第13/2003号劳工法之后,劳方与资方围绕最低工资、劳动合同、劳务外包、高额遣散费等话题一直争执不休,印尼政府多次面临是否要修改2003年劳工法的困境。印尼政府需要在保护劳动者权益与吸引外资之间做出艰难抉择,劳工和工会希望争取更多的劳工权益,而资方则期望劳工法改革能使劳动力市场更具弹性,维持低劳动力成本和稳定的投资环境。印尼劳工法的改革历程将是政府、劳方与资方三方持久和复杂的博弈过程,其中政府积极的责任担当或可使劳资冲突走出僵局。International labor standards are now being accepted by more and more countries.Since the approving of ILO Convention No.87 in 1998,the Indonesian government has carried out a series of labor law reform under international pressure,which accompanied with considerable controversy between employers and employees all the way.After Congress passed the Act 13 of 2003 concerning manpower,the labor and the employers have been involving a series of heated debates about minimum wage,high severance payments,labor contracts,outsourcing system and etc..Thus the Indonesian government has faced the dilemma whether to modify The Manpower Law of 2003 or not.The government needs to make tough choice between protecting labor rights and attracting foreign investment,labor and unions hope to fight for more labor benefit,while the employers expect to maintain lower labor costs,stable investment environment and further liberalization of labor market through the manpower law modification.All the three parties have their own aspirations,and also take a variety of strategies to protect their own interests in the process of manpower law reform.This will be a long and complicated game among government,labor and employers,in which government can play a critical role to break the deadlock between labor and employer.

关 键 词：印度尼西亚 国际劳工组织 劳工法 三方博弈 利益诉求 投资环境 

分 类 号：D734.282[政治法律—政治学]