改革开放以来中国儿童福利制度模式研究  

Child Welfare Model in China since Opening-Up Reform

作　　者：姚建平[1] 刘明慧[1] YaoJian-ping;Liu Ming-hui

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学人文与社会科学学院

出　　处：《社会建设》2018年第6期14-23,共10页Social Construction

摘　　要：我国计划经济时期儿童福利制度主要是面向机构内的孤残儿童。改革开放后随着经济的发展和观念的改变,儿童福利机构开始社会化改革。与此同时,由于城市地区出现了大规模的流浪儿童,流浪儿童救助保护体系也随之建立起来。进入21世纪,以孤儿基本生活费制度的实施为标志,我国开始探索建立适度普惠型儿童福利制度,并逐渐形成了面向困境儿童的社会保护体系。全面二孩政策实施以后,低迷的生育率使得未来我国儿童福利制度的发展和定位将与提高生育率密切相连。Child welfare is mainly targeted on orphaned and disabled children in planning economy period.As the development of economy and mind after opening-up reform,child welfare institutions began socialized reform. Meanwhile,the protection system for homeless children was built up as a great number of homeless children appeared in urban area.China began to explore moderately inclusive child welfare system as the set up of basic living allowance for orphan since the 21 century,and then gradually formed the social protection system for all children in difficult.After the admission policy of second children,the development of Chinese child welfare system will be closely related with the goal of increasing fertility rate.

关 键 词：福利制度 孤残儿童 困境儿童 适度普惠 生育率 

分 类 号：D632.1[政治法律—政治学]