湿地景观生态美学感知与评估体系研究  

Ecological Aesthetic Perception and Assessment System of Wetland Landscape

作　　者：孙明阳 邹元春[1,2] 于晓菲[1,2] 于寒[1,2,4] 姜明 SUN Mingyang;ZOU Yuanchun;YU Xiaofei;YU Han;JIANG Ming(Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment,Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130102,Jilin,P.R.China;Jilin Provincial Joint Key Laboratory of Changbai Mountain Wetland and Ecology,Changchun 130102,Jilin,P.R.China;College of Art and Design,Jilin Jianzhu University,Changchun 130118,Jilin, P.R.China;College of Agronomy,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchua 130118,Jilin,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院湿地生态与环境重点实验室,中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130102 [2]长白山湿地与生态吉林省联合重点实验室,中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130102 [3]吉林建筑大学艺术设计学院,吉林长春130118 [4]吉林农业大学农学院,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《湿地科学》2018年第6期700-706,共7页Wetland Science

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2016YFC0500408);国家自然科学基金项目(41771120);中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所“一三五”项目(IGA-135-05)资助

摘　　要：湿地具有重要的美学生态系统服务价值,但是,目前还罕有从美学角度开展的相关研究。从景观生态美学视角出发,以湿地生态系统作为研究对象,通过对人的审美感知分析,以生态美学审美观为指导,构建出属于湿地景观生态美学特有的生态价值体系和审美价值体系,对湿地中的非生物与生物环境进行生态美学评估,以长春北湖国家湿地公园为案例,进行了示范。研究结果表明,湿地景观生态美学研究是一种双目标定位研究,一方面是满足人对湿地生态指标的客观量化,另一方面是满足人对湿地审美指标的主观量化。这种感知与评估对湿地恢复或重建过程中景观生态美学规划与设计具有指导作用和应用价值。评估了长春北湖国家湿地公园的湿地生态美学现状,明确指出其未来提升优化的具体方向,对长春北湖国家湿地公园旅游价值的提升具有现实意义。In addition to providing multiple ecosystem services(e.g. habitats for migrating birds), wetlands have significant aesthetic values that are broadly recognised but rarely studied and reported. This paper discussed the definition, content, significance, and principles of wetland landscape ecological aesthetics. An ecological valuation system and anaesthetic valuation system were established relative to wetland landscape,based on analyses of human aesthetic perceptions(e.g. vision, hearing, olfactory, taste, tactility and consciousness). Multiple ecological and aesthetic indicators(water body, land, climate, fauna, flora and microorganisms, etc.) were monitored, characterized and analysed, and then used to assess the ecological aesthetic of a wetland in Northeast China. The results suggested that the primary objectives of wetland aesthetics valuations must be twofold:(1) quantification of wetland ecological index, and(2) subjective quantification to wetland aesthetic index. Using National Wetland Park of Changchun North Lake in a case study, it was found that the valuation systems were capable of quantifying the ecological aesthetics objectively and realistically. The ecological indicators and aesthetic indicators of National Wetland Park of Changchun North Lake were all above the scale of 5, showing that the ecological aesthetics was good in the top grade,with medium-superior level in the ecological environment and pleasant level in the aesthetic environment. The aesthetic valuation systems developed in this study were compared with other landscape ecological aesthetics,and the limitations of research methodology were discussed. Overall, the results from this study are valuable for guiding and promoting eco-tourism in areas such as National Wetland Park of Changchun North Lake, by guiding landscape planning and wetland restoration process design.

关 键 词：湿地景观 景观生态美学 感知 评估体系 长春北湖国家湿地公园 

分 类 号：P901[天文地球—自然地理学]