2000年以来4个时期闽三角城市群中的湿地格局及变化  

Patterns and Changes of Wetlands in the Urban Agglomeration of Min Delta in 2000,2005,2010 and 2015

作　　者：吴思佳 林金煌[1,2] 陈文惠 程瑞彤[1] 郑振灿 李震宇 WU Sijia;LIN Jinhuang;CHEN Wenhui;CHENG Ruitong;ZHENG Zhencan;LI Zhenyu(College of Geographical Science,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350007,Fujian,P.R.China;State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学地理科学学院,福建福州350007 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《湿地科学》2018年第6期717-722,共6页Wetland Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0502901)资助

摘　　要：以闽三角城市群湿地为研究对象,利用由2000年、2005年和2010年遥感影像解译出的3个时期的土地覆盖数据和由2015年地理国情普查地表覆盖数据得到的闽三角土地覆盖数据,提取出湿地信息;选取斑块数量、斑块面积、斑块比例和斑块密度、香浓多样性指数、香浓均匀度指数和聚合度指标,采用景观格局分析方法,研究4个时期的湿地格局及变化,剖析闽三角城市群湿地格局变化的内在驱动因素。研究结果表明,与2000年相比,2015年,闽三角城市群湿地总面积明显减少,其中,滩涂面积增加,而河流/湖泊、盐沼、红树林潮滩、水田、水库/坑塘、养殖塘和围垦海域的面积减少;2000~2005年,闽三角城市群湿地景观的多样性指数减小,均匀度指数增加,聚合度降低,湿地格局趋于不稳定;2005~2015年,闽三角城市群湿地景观的多样性指数增加,均匀度指数减小,聚合度减小,景观异质性增加;经济发展、人口数量和建筑用地面积增加是闽三角城市群中的湿地格局变化的主要驱动因素。This GIS-based study took landscape patterns of the wetlands in the urban agglomeration of Min Delta as the research objects. The land cover data were obtained through visual interpretation technology and information of wetlands from the imageries of the years 2000, 2005, 2010 and geographical conditions survey in 2015 was extracted. With the selection of landscape indexes including the number of plaque, class area,percentage of landscape, patch density, Shannon diversity index, Shannon evenness index and aggregation index, we studied the changes of the patterns of the wetlands in 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015, and their driving factors were analyzed. The results showed that the total area of the wetlands experienced a significant reduction for 4 periods. And main reasons were the degradation of rivers/lakes, salt marshes, mangroves,paddy fields, reservoir/pits, aquaculture surface and reclamation area while the area of mudflats increased. In addition, the Shannon diversity index and aggregation index of the patterns of the wetlands decreased but an increasing trend of Shannon evenness index appeared from 2000 to 2005. As a result, there was an unstable tendency of the patterns of the wetlands. Between 2005 and 2015, there was a rise of Shannon diversity index while the indexes of Shannon evenness index and aggregation index declined. The landscape heterogeneity increased in the urban agglomeration of Min Delta. It also was found that the accelerated economic development, population growth and the increase of building land were the main drivers of patterns of the wetlands changed in the urban agglomeration of Min Delta.

关 键 词：闽三角城市群中的湿地 格局 景观指数 驱动因素 

分 类 号：P901[天文地球—自然地理学]