耦合VOF法的河道三维水流特性数值模拟研究  

Study on Numerical Simulation of 3D River Flow Characteristics Coupled with VOF Method

作　　者：周正印 杨楠[1] Zhou Zhengying;Yang Nan

机构地区：[1]天津市市政工程设计研究院,天津市300392

出　　处：《城市道桥与防洪》2019年第1期165-170,I0016,共7页Urban Roads Bridges & Flood Control

摘　　要：河道黑臭的重要原因之一是水体流动性降低或完全丧失,导致水体复氧能力衰退,因此河道水动力特性是进行黑臭水体治理的重要依据。目前针对河流水动力进行数值模拟的研究多集中于一、二维,忽略了对河流自由水面的模拟及水流在竖直方向上的运动,不能精确得到河道水力特性。为了寻求一种先进的数值模拟方法来研究河段水流的水动力特性,考虑自由水面运动及水流竖直方向上的流动,建立了耦合VOF法与紊流模型的三维河流水动力模型,并运用无结构贴体网格划分技术建立了河道的计算网格模型。计算结果表明,建立的三维紊流数值模型实现了对自由水面、水深以及流速的模拟,具有较好的稳定性和灵活性。网格模型可以适应复杂的地形边界,能较好的模拟不规则河道边界,适合于天然河道三维水动力场的数值模拟。研究为河流水质的模拟提供基础,并为水生态治理与恢复提供理论依据和决策支持。One of the important reasons why the rivers are black and smelly is the reduction or complete loss of water fluidity, which leads to the recession of reoxygenation capacity of water. Therefore, the water dynamic characteristic of river is the important basis for the treatment of black and smelly water. At present, the studies on the numerical simulation of river hydrodynamic force focus on one and two dimensions, lose sight of the simulation of free surface of a river and the movement of water in the vertical direction, and cannot accurately obtain the hydraulic characteristics of river. In order to seek an advanced numerical simulation method to study the hydrodynamic characteristics of river flow, and to consider the free surface movement and vertical flow of water, the 3D river flow dynamic model is established by coupled with VOF method and turbulent model, and the computational grid model of river is established by the unstructured body-fitted meshing technology. The computational result shows that the establishment of 3D turbulent numerical model realizes the simulation of free water surface, water depth and flow velocity, and this model is stable and flexible. The mesh model can adapt to the complex terrain boundary, can better simulate the irregular river boundary, and is suited to the numerical simulation of 3D hydrodynamic field of the natural rivers. The study provides the basis for the simulation of river flow quality, and provides the theoretical basis and decision-making support for treatment and recovery of water ecology.

关 键 词：河道 水流特性 VOF 三维 数值模拟 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]