“FPSO+CTV+普通油轮”外输作业模式风险分析  

Analysis of risks in "FPSO+CTV+ tanker" offloading operation based on functional resonance accident model

作　　者：胡瑾秋[1] 唐静静 胡忠前 王红红 王莹莹[3] HU Jinqiu;TANG Jingjing;HU Zhongqian;WANG Honghong;WANG Yingying(School of Mechanical&Storage and Transportation Engineering,China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249,China;CNOOC Research Institute,Beijing 100027,China;Institute for Ocean Engineering,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)机械与储运工程学院,北京102249 [2]中海油研究总院,北京100027 [3]中国石油大学(北京)海洋工程研究院,北京102249

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2018年第10期92-97,共6页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(51574263);北京市科技新星计划(Z181100006218048);工信部“深水动力定位原油输送装置自主开发”项目支持(工信部联装[2016]26号)

摘　　要：“浮式生产系统(FPSO)+原油转驳船(CTV)+普通油轮”外输作业新模式存在双重的碰撞和泄漏风险,为克服现有研究仅将事故视为单个事件的有序发生或潜在因素的层级叠加等问题,提出一种基于功能共振事故模型(FRAM)的CTV卸油模式风险分析方法。首先,基于FRAM的一般性能条件,识别导致CTV卸油事故发生的人员、技术和组织因素;其次,评价功能性能变化,用以确定关键作业环节和事故演化过程;然后,制定性能波动的防控屏障来预防事故发生。研究结果表明:CTV卸油作业存在25类风险因素和2个关键作业环节,且操作人员的综合素质、CTV的靠泊技术、CTV与FPSO间的沟通效果等是诱导事故发生的关键因素。"FPSO +CTV +ordinary tanker"new offloading operation has a double risk of collision and leakage.Existing researches only consider the accident as an orderly occurrence of single event or superposition of potential factors.To solve this problem,FRAM was used to analyze the risks in the CTV transfer operation from the system perspective.First,the human factors,technical factors,and organizational factors having the potential to cause an accident are identified based'on common performance conditions of FRAM.Then,functional performance changes were evaluated to determine the key operations and accident evolution process.Finally,prevention and control barriers against accidents were established. The results show that there are 25 kinds of risk factors and 2 key operation aspects in CTV transfer operation,and that the comprehensive quality of the operators,the berthing technology of CTV,and the communication effect between CTV and FPSO are the key factors inducing accidents.

关 键 词：浮式生产系统(FPSO) 功能共振事故模型(FRAM) 原油转驳船(CTV) 外输作业 风险因素 防控屏障 

分 类 号：X937[环境科学与工程—安全科学]