民间纠纷解决中的法律运用及其意外效应——对一起乡村邻里官司的反思  

The Application of Law in Civil Dispute Resolution and Its Unexpected Effect——Reflection on a Lawsuit in the Neighborhood of a Village

作　　者：陆益龙[1] LU Yi-long(Center for Sociological Theory and Methods,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学社会学理论与方法研究中心

出　　处：《河北学刊》2019年第1期174-181,共8页Hebei Academic Journal

基　　金：2014年度国家社会科学基金重点项目《转型期中国矛盾纠纷的动态监测与多元化解机制研究》(14ASH004)

摘　　要：乡村社会中发生在村民之间的民间纠纷虽会扰动正常生活秩序,但如果在基层能得到有效化解,就不会影响社会秩序的平稳运行。在中国传统乡土社会,民间纠纷主要是通过"无讼"的礼治机制加以解决。但如今,可能是受"励讼"理念的影响,越来越多的乡村民间纠纷会诉诸司法诉讼程序。而从乡村邻里官司的案例经验来看,法律运用并未达到有效化解村民邻里纠纷的理想效果,相反,民间纠纷解决中法律运用还会产生次生纠纷、偏离意图和潜伏社会风险等意外效应。诚然,并非所有运用法律的民事纠纷案件都会有意外效应,产生法律意外效应与法律行为的生产和再生产机制、司法场域的权力竞争机制以及现代法律工具的风险机制等三种生成机制有关。为规避民间纠纷解决中法律运用的意外效应,仍需在当代乡村治理中加强基层纠纷管理,强化落实和完善人民调解制度。In traditional Chinese rural society,civil disputes are mainly resolved through the"no litigation"mechanism. But now,perhaps influenced by the concept of litigation,more and more rural civil disputes will resort to judicial proceedings. Judging from the experience of lawsuits in rural neighborhoods,the application of law has not achieved the ideal effect of effectively resolving villagers’ neighborhood disputes. On the contrary,the application of law in the settlement of civil disputes will produce secondary disputes,deviations from intentions and latent social risks and other unexpected effects. In order to avoid the unexpected effect of law application in the settlement of civil disputes,it is still necessary to strengthen the management of grass-roots disputes and strengthen the implementation and improvement of the people’s mediation system in contemporary rural governance.

关 键 词：民间纠纷 纠纷解决 法律运用 意外效应 乡村社会 

分 类 号：C913[经济管理]