大气颗粒物质量浓度与四川大学华西医院非意外创伤急诊人次的时间序列研究  

Particulate Matters and Non-accidental Emergency Visits in West China Hospital:a Time-Series Study

作　　者：陈诗琪 王艳艳[2] 郭冰 张佩 赵星[1] CHEN Shi-qi;WANG Yan-yan;GUO Bing;ZHANG Pei;ZHAO Xing(Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics,West China School of Public Health,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China;National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,成都610041 [2]四川大学华西医院国家老年疾病临床医学研究中心,成都610041

出　　处：《四川大学学报（医学版）》2019年第1期71-76,共6页Journal of Sichuan University(Medical Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.81773548);四川省科学技术厅软科学重点项目(No.2018ZR0007)资助

摘　　要：目的分析大气颗粒物(PM2.5和PM10)质量浓度对医院非意外创伤急诊人次的短期效应,探讨大气颗粒物对人群健康的急性危害。方法采用广义相加模型分析2014～2016年成都市区大气污染物质量浓度对四川大学华西医院非意外创伤急诊人次的短期效应,并在不同年龄组(<65岁组和≥65岁组)中进行分层分析。结果2014年1月1日至2016年11月30日期间成都市区大气颗粒物PM2.5和PM10的年平均质量浓度分别为66.47μg/m3和109.35μg/m3。在非意外创伤急诊全人群中,大气颗粒物的健康效应在滞后1d时最大,PM2.5和PM10的日均质量浓度每增加10μg/m3,急诊人次数分别增加0.634%(95%CI:0.273%～0.997%)和0.413%(95%CI:0.166%～0.660%)。在≥65岁组中,调整全部气态污染物(SO2+NO2+CO+O3)的影响后,PM2.5和PM10的日均质量浓度每增加10μg/m3,滞后1d的急诊人次数分别增加1.439%(95%CI:0.599%～2.287%)和1.150%(95%CI:0.566%～1.738%)。结论大气颗粒物质量浓度升高与非意外创伤急诊人次数呈正相关,且存在滞后效应,对65岁以上老年人群健康的急性损害较大。Objective To determine the short-term effect of particulate matter of<2.5μm(PM2.5)and particulate matter of<10μm(PM10)on non-accidental emergency visits.Methods A time-series study analysis with generalized additive model was performed to establish the associations between air pollution(indicated by PM2.5and PM10)and non-accidental emergency visits in the West China Hospital of Sichuan University over the period from 2014 to 2016,categorized by age(<65and ≥65yr.).Results From January 1,2014 to November 30,2016,the Chengdu urban area had an annual average concentration of 66.47μg/m^3 PM2.5and 109.35μg/m^3 PM10,respectively.The peak short-term effect of particulate matters on non-accidental emergency visits appeared one day after the exposure,with a daily increase of 10μg/m^3 for PM2.5and PM10 resulting in an increase of 0.634%(95%CI:0.273%-0.997%)and 0.413%(95%CI:0.166%-0.660%)non-accidental emergency visits,respectively.For those≥65yr.,a daily increase of 10μg/m^3 for PM2.5 and PM10 resulted in 1.439%(95%CI:0.599%-2.287%)and 1.150%(95%CI:0.566%-1.738%)increase in non-accidental emergency visits,respectively,after adjustment for all gaseous pollution.Conclusion High levels of PM2.5and PM10 are associated with increased nonaccidental emergency visits.Older people(over 65years)are more sensitive to the acute health damage associated with PM2.5and PM10.

关 键 词：空气污染 急诊 时间序列 颗粒物 

分 类 号：R122.26[医药卫生—环境卫生学]