我国水价改革的历程、演变与发展——纪念价格改革40周年  

The Course, Evolution and Development of Water Price Reform in China——Commemorating 40 Years of Price Reform

作　　者：田贵良[1] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学商学院

出　　处：《价格理论与实践》2018年第11期5-10,共6页Price:Theory & Practice

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“跨境水资源确权与分配方法及保障体系研究”(批准号:17ZDA064);国家自然科学基金面上项目“基于粮食安全的虚拟水贸易对气候变化动态响应与调整”(批准号:41471456);中央科研业务费项目“虚拟水贸易对缺水地区农业供给结构优化的驱动研究”(项目编号:B17020322)

摘　　要：2018年是改革开放40周年,同时也是价格改革40周年。自1978年以来,我国的水价改革不断向纵深发展,水资源经历了由无偿的公共物品向有价的商品的转变。在价格形成机制方面,水价制定由政府定价演变为政府市场两手协同发力,市场在水资源配置中逐渐发挥越来越重要的作用。尤其是党的十八大、十九大以来,随着经济、政治、文化、社会、生态“五位一体”总布局的确立,水价改革在生态文明建设方面开始扮演重要角色。本文通过对城市供水价格、农业水价以及水权价格改革历程的回顾,指出目前我国在水价改革方面存在的问题,并提出相应的对策,以期为新时代进一步深化水价改革提供决策参考。2018 is the 40 th anniversary of reform and opening up,and also the 40th anniversary of price reform.Since 1978,China's water price reform has been developing in depth.Water resources have undergone a transformation from free public goods to valuable commodity water.In terms of price formation mechanism,water pricing has evolved from government pricing to government-market,cooperation,and the market is playing an increasingly important role in water resource allocation.Especially since the Eighteenth and Nineteenth National Congresses of the CPC,with the establishment of the overall layout of "five in one" of economy,politics,culture,society and ecology,water price reform has begun to play an important role in the construction of ecological civilization.This paper reviews the reform process of urban water supply price,agricultural water price and water right price,points out the existing problems in water price reform in China,and puts forward corresponding countermeasures in order to provide decision-making reference for further deepening water price reform in the new era.

关 键 词：水价改革 城市供水价格 农业水价 水权交易 

分 类 号：F299.24[经济管理—国民经济] F726