中国谷物进口国营贸易扭曲评估:关税配额分配方式视角的实证分析  

Assessment of Trade Distortion Effects of State Trading in China's Grain Import:An Empirical Study on Perspective of Allocation of the TRQ Scheme

作　　者：苏珊珊 霍学喜[1] SU Shanshan;HUO Xuexi

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学经济与管理学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2019年第1期33-43,163,164,共13页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"高价值农产品进口需求趋势;市场冲击与贸易政策规制研究--基于进口苹果案例的实证分析"(71573211)

摘　　要：针对中国谷物进口国营贸易的贸易扭曲及福利损失问题,借鉴不完全竞争市场的贸易扭曲测度理论,构建中国主要谷物进口国营贸易关税等值模型,利用1992—2017年度进口贸易和国内价格等数据,评估基于不同关税配额分配方式的中国小麦、大米和玉米进口国营贸易的贸易扭曲程度及社会福利损失程度。结果表明,追求利润最大化经营目标可以有效矫正和降低三大谷物进口国营贸易的贸易扭曲和福利损失;行政化配额分配方式形成谷物进口市场的不同垄断程度,导致小麦进口国营贸易的贸易扭曲和福利损失最为严重、玉米次之、大米最小。为此,从优化配额分配方式、深化国营贸易企业市场导向改革视角,提出有效降低贸易扭曲程度、改善社会福利的建议。Focusing on the trade distortion and welfare loss caused by State trading in China's grain import,this paper undertakes an empirical analysis to assess the trade distortion and social welfare loss of China's wheat,rice and corn imports with import and domestic price data(1992-2017),by constructing a State trading tariff equivalent model in view of the calculation theory of the trade distortion effect under imperfect competition market.It is found that:(1)The trade distortion and welfare loss could be greatly corrected and eliminated by pursuing profit-maximization operation goals;(2)The administrative TRQ allocation method causes different monopolistic levels,which leads to the most serious distortion degree and welfare loss in the wheat market,less in the corn market and the least in the rice market.Therefore,this paper proposes to lower the level of trade distortion and improve social welfare from the perspectives of optimizing the allocation of TRQ and deepening market-oriented reforms of state trading corporations.

关 键 词：贸易扭曲 谷物进口 国营贸易 关税配额分配 

分 类 号：F744[经济管理—国际贸易]