中国科技评价研究40年:历史演进及主题演化  

Forty Years of Research on Science and Technology Evaluation in China:Historical and Theme evolution

作　　者：汪雪锋[1] 张硕[1] 刘玉琴[2] 乔亚丽 韩晓彤[1] 黄恒 WANG Xuefeng;ZHANG Shuo;LIU Yuqin;QIAO Yali;HAN Xiaotong;HUANG Heng(School of Management and Economics,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Academic of Printing and Packaging Industrial Technology,Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication,Beijing 102600,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学管理与经济学院,北京100081 [2]北京印刷学院绿色印刷包装产业技术研究院,北京102600

出　　处：《科学学与科学技术管理》2018年第12期67-80,共14页Science of Science and Management of S.& T.

摘　　要：科技评价是政府进行科技管理的必要手段,是推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要工具。为厘清改革开放40年来中国学者围绕科技评价做了哪些研究工作以及研究主题的变迁过程是否与我国科技评价改革之路相伴而行,文章以CNKI数据库收录的期刊论文为样本数据,采用文献计量学和科学知识图谱方法,系统分析了科技评价领域的研究主题分布及其演化,进而挖掘其研究特征。分析表明我国在科技评价领域的研究总体上与科技评价改革方向一致,有关评价方法的研究一直贯穿始终,但不同阶段的研究主题存在明显差异,探索阶段(1979—1993年)的研究侧重于建设项目的经济性评估;规范阶段(1994—2006年)的研究热点从项目评估到绩效评价逐渐过渡,侧重于科学评价指标与评价体系的构建;而完善阶段(2007—至今)的研究侧重于绩效评价以及对各类评价方法的探索。在此基础上,结合中国科技评价改革动向就未来的研究侧重点进行了探讨,以期为中国科技评价领域的未来研究提供参考借鉴。Science and technology evaluation has become the necessary means of modern science and technology management for government. It is also an important tool to promote the modernization of national governance system and governance capacity. In order to clarify what kind of research works have been done by Chinese scholars around science and technology evaluation, and whether the change process of research theme consistents with science and technology evaluation reform in China, the paper systematically analyzes the theme distribution and evolution of science and technology evaluation by using the bibliometrics and knowledge graph methods, taking the journal papers on science and technology evaluation area included in the CNKI as samples. The paper tries to exploit the research characteristic in this field. The results show that it is generally consistent with the direction of scientific and technological evaluation reform, and research on evaluation methods has always existed. But there are obvious differences at different stages. The exploration stage(1979-1993) focuses on construction project evaluation;The standard stage(1994-2006) focuses on the construction of scientific evaluation index and evaluation system. At the same time, this stage faces the change of research focus from project evaluation to performance evaluation;The perfection stage(2007-present) mainly focuses on performance evaluation and various evaluation methods. On this basis, this paper combines the trend of science and technology evaluation reform in China.

关 键 词：科技评价 历史演进 主题演化 知识图谱 文献计量学 

分 类 号：G301[文化科学]