土壤调理剂对烤烟根系活力及根际土壤微生物碳代谢特征的影响  

Effect of Soil Conditioner on Root Vigor and Carbon Metabolism Characteristics of Rhizosphere Soil Microorganisms in Flue-cured Tobacco

作　　者：靳辉勇 黎娟[1] 朱益 齐绍武[1,4] 梁仲哲 淡俊豪 JIN Huiyong;LI Juan;ZHU Yi;QI Shaowu;LIANG Zhongzhe;DAN Junhao(College of Agriculture,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128;Agricultural Committee of Suyu Distriction in Suqian City,Suqian,Jiangsu 223800;China Tobacco Guangdong Industrial Co Ltd,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510000;Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center,Changsha,Hunan 410128)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]江苏省宿迁市宿豫区农业委员会,江苏宿迁223800 [3]广东中烟工业有限责任公司,广东广州510000 [4]湖南杂交水稻研究中心,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《核农学报》2019年第1期158-165,共8页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖南省科技计划项目(2015NK3002)

摘　　要：为探究土壤调理剂对烤烟根系微生态环境的影响,采用小区试验,研究土壤调理剂在不同施用量(0、1 500、3 000和4 500 kg·hm^(-2))水平下烤烟根系活力的动态变化及微生物碳代谢特征。结果表明,添加土壤调理剂3 000 kg·hm^(-2)对烤烟生长发育中后期时的根系活力提高效应最大,移栽后60、90 d较对照分别提高了115.8%、85.3%。羧酸类、氨基酸类是烤烟根际土壤微生物利用的主要碳源,土壤调理剂作用下,羧酸类碳源在移栽后30 d并无显著变化,移栽后60、90 d,施用土壤调理剂3 000 kg·hm^(-2)对羧酸类和氨基酸类碳源的利用率提高作用均最显著,且微生物多样性均一性指数也显著增加。在移栽后30 d,影响微生物碳代谢强度及多样性的主要因素是烤烟根系活力,而移栽后60、90 d,主要影响因素是土壤调理剂。综上,施用土壤调理剂能提高烤烟根系活力,改善土壤微生态环境,以3 000 kg·hm^(-2)施用量为宜。本研究结果为土壤调理剂在烤烟生产上的应用提供了理论参考。In order to explore effect of soil conditioner on micro-ecological environmentin of flue-cured tobacco, a field experiment was conducted to investigate effects of 4 application levels(0,1 500,3 000 and 4 500 kg·hm^-2) on root vigor and carbon metabolism characteristics of rhizosphere soil microorganisms in flue-cured tobacco. The results showed that 3 000 kg·hm^-2 of soil conditioner was the best in increasing root vigor in the medium and latter stages of flue-cured tobacco growth, which were improved by 115.8% and 85.3% than those of control respectively at 60 and 90 days after transplanting. Amino acids and carboxylic acids were the main carbon source for rhizosphere soil microorganisms. There was no significant change in carboxylic acids by using soil conditioner. The 3 000 kg·hm^-2 of soil conditioner not only improved the utility rate of amino acids and carboxylic acids, but also increased McIntosh index at 60 and 90 days afte transplanting. The main factor of diversity and carbon metabolism intensity was root vigor at 30 days after transplanting, but which was soil conditioner at 60 and 90 days after transplanting. In summary, soil conditioner could significantly enhance root vigor, and improve the functions of rhizosphere ecosystems. The proper dosage of soil conditioner was 3 000 kg·hm^-2. This study provided a theoretical reference for the application of soil conditioner in tobacco production.

关 键 词：土壤调理剂 根系活力 碳代谢特征 烤烟 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业] S156.2[农业科学—作物学]