青藏高原东北部高寒草甸夏季开花植物花粉形态研究  

POLLEN MORPHOLOGY OF SUMMER-FLOWERING SPECIES OF ALPINE MEADOWS IN NORTHEASTERN QINGHAI-TIBET PLATEAU

作　　者：王涛 许清海[1,2] 卢静瑶 沈巍 孙沅浩 李怡雯 李月从 阳小兰[4] 张茹春 魏海成[5] WANG Tao;XU Qing-hai;LU Jing-yao;SHEN Wei;SUN Yuan-hao;LI Yi-wen;LI Yue-cong;YANG Xiao-lan;ZHANG Ru-chun;WEI Hai-cheng(College of Resources and Environment Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijlazhuang 050024,China;Hebei Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction , Shijiazhuang 050024, China;College of History and Culture, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China;Institute of Geographical Science , Hebei Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050011, China;Key Laboratory of Comprensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Insititute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China)

机构地区：[1]河北师范大学资源与环境科学学院,石家庄050024 [2]河北省环境演变与生态建设重点实验室,石家庄050024 [3]河北师范大学历史文化学院,石家庄050024 [4]河北省科学院地理科学研究所,石家庄050011 [5]中国科学院青海盐湖研究所,中国科学院盐湖资源综合高效利用重点实验室,西宁810008

出　　处：《古生物学报》2018年第4期524-542,共19页Acta Palaeontologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:41630753,41501048);中瑞NSFC-STINT合作基金项目(编号:41611130050)共同资助.

摘　　要：利用光学生物显微镜观察描述青藏高原东北部高寒草甸夏季开花植物的花粉形态特征(包含20科42属45种),其中26种植物花粉形态为国内首次观察描述。45种植物花粉形态多以近球形和长球形为主,其次为球形,少量为扁球形、瓶形和纺锤形;花粉结构以3孔沟和3沟为主,少量为单孔、4孔和散孔等;外壁纹饰多为网状和颗粒状,少量为刺状、条纹状和棒状。此外,青藏高原部分植物类型的花粉粒径明显小于其他地区,可能与高原独特的气候条件有关。本研究为青藏高寒区地层花粉统计鉴定提供了重要参考。Pollen morphological characteristics of summer-flowering species of Alpine meadows from the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,including 45 species of 42 genera belonging to 20 families, are systematically described and illustrated under light microscope (LM),and 26 of them were described for the first time in China.The pollen shapes of the 45 species are mainly subsphaeroidal and perprolate,followed by spherical, spheroidicity and spindly.The aperture types were mainly 3-colpate and 3-colporate,and also contains single-aperture,4-aperture and scattered-aperture types.The ornamentations of pollen surface were mostly reticulate and granulate,and others were spinulose,striate and retipilate.In addition,the pollen grain size of some species in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is apparently smaller than those of other regions,which may be related to the unique climatic conditions of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. This study offers basic reference for fossil pollen identification of related taxa in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

关 键 词：花粉形态 夏季开花植物 高寒草甸 青藏高原 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]