80例儿童使用头孢类抗生素致药品不良反应分析  

Analysis of 80 cases of adverse drug reactions induced by cephalosporin in children

作　　者：郑秋艳[1] 柳涤 周睿 蔡本志[1] ZHENG Qiu-yan;LIU Di;ZHOU Rui;CAI Ben-zhi(Department of Pharmacy,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150081,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院药学部,黑龙江哈尔滨150081

出　　处：《哈尔滨医科大学学报》2018年第6期569-572,共4页Journal of Harbin Medical University

摘　　要：目的探讨儿童临床应用头孢类抗生素致药品不良反应(adverse drug reactions,ADR)发生的特点及规律,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法采用回顾性研究方法,收集2015年12月～2016年12月我院儿童应用头孢类抗生素出现ADR的80例患者的相关信息,按照性别、年龄、不良反应出现时间、累及脏器/系统、临床表现以及转归情况等进行描述性统计分析。结果 80例发生ADR的儿童患者中年龄集中在0～3岁的最多(61.25%),平均年龄(4.14±4.05)岁;发生ADR累及器官/系统以皮肤及附件所占比例最高(95%);患者原患疾病以呼吸系统疾病为主; ADR多在连续用药2～3天后发生。ADR转归情况方面,痊愈占41.25%,好转占53.75%。头孢甲肟注射液出现ADR占比最多(50%)。结论儿童在临床应用头孢类抗生素过程中,其ADR的发生有一定的规律和特点,应加以总结和利用,尽量规避或减少其不良反应的发生。Objective To analyse the characteristics and regular pattern of adverse drug reactions(ADR) induced by cephalosporin,so as to provide references to reduce the risk of its use.Methods The children cases of cephalosporin induced adverse drug reactions during Dec2015 to Dec 2016 were reviewed.The relationships between ADR and age,time of ADR accur,systems or organs invovled in cephalosporin-induced ADRs,clinical manifestation,and other factors were respectively analyzed.Results Among the 80 cases of ADR,the age mainly distributed in the range of 0 to 3 years old(61.25%).ADR mainly occurred in skin and appendages disorders(95%).Eighty cases of ADR mainly occurred within 2~3 days after continuous medication.41.25% of ADR patients were cured,53.75% were ameliorated.Cephalosporin injection induced the most of ADRs(50%).Conclusion It is necessary to pay attention to the regular pattern and characteristics of adverse reactions among children,so as to improve the safety of the use of cephalosporin.

关 键 词：儿童 头孢类抗生素 药品不良反应 分析 

分 类 号：R954[医药卫生—药学] R969.3.R985