基于学校体系视角的南京城区小学规模分布演化  

Evolution of size distribution of primary schools in Nanjing City from the perspective of school system

作　　者：刘宏燕[1,2,3] 陈雯 LIU Hongyan;CHEN Wen(Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences,Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008,China;College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;College of Geographic and Biologic Information,Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所中国科学院流域地理学重点实验室,南京210008 [2]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100049 [3]南京邮电大学地理与生物信息学院,南京210023

出　　处：《中国科学院大学学报（中英文）》2019年第1期64-71,共8页Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(41130750);江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究项目(2016SJB840001)资助

摘　　要：基于1995、2005和2012年南京城区小学的空间位置与在校生数量,利用基尼系数、Wolfson极化指数、Moran’s I指数和核密度估计等分析方法,揭示学校体系视角下在校生规模分布的结构与空间演化特征。分析显示:学校平均规模呈增大趋势;学校规模结构两极分化程度呈"U"型变动,且具圈层分异特征;学校规模分布空间格局由集聚走向分散,布局结构由"单核团块状"向"多核散点状"转化。以系统自组织理论与多元线性回归方法分析演化的驱动机理与影响因素。结果表明:在城市规划与校际生源配置自组织机制的驱动下,空间区位、学校质量、基础规模和学校撤并等因素共同推动学校规模演化;学校质量因素对学校规模的影响日益突出。Based on the spatial information and the numbers of students of primary schools in Nanjing City in the years of 1995, 2005, and 2012, we revealed the evolution of the size distribution, which was related to the number of students. Various methods, including Gini coefficient, Wolfson polarization index, kernel density estimation, Moran’s index, and multiple linear regression, were used in this study. The results are given as follows.1) The average scale of schools expanded. 2) The polarization degree of size structure of the school system reduced before 2005 and then increased after 2005, with the polarization in the old city becoming increasingly prominent. 3) From 1995 to 2012, the degree of spatial concentration of students’ distribution reduced and the spatial structure of students’ distribution transformed from "mononuclear mass" into "multi-core scatter". 4) Driven by urban planning and the mechanism of self-organization in school system, factors, such as the location, the school quality, the original size, and school consolidation, contributed to the evolution of school-size structure and distribution. The impact of school quality has become increasingly prominent.

关 键 词：学校体系 自组织 规模分布 演化 南京城区 

分 类 号：K901[历史地理—人文地理学]