乡土武术传承实践的历程反思及其现代化转型的路径探索  

Reflection of Inheritance Practice Process of Rural Wushu and the Exploration of Its Modernization Path

作　　者：阎彬[1,2] 马学智 YAN Bin;MA Xue-zhi(College of Physical Education,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450044,Henan China;School of History and Culture,Henan University,Kaifeng 475001,Henan China;Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学体育学院,河南郑州450044 [2]河南大学历史文化学院,河南开封475001 [3]北京体育大学,北京100084

出　　处：《北京体育大学学报》2018年第11期130-138,共9页Journal of Beijing Sport University

基　　金：国家体育总局体育哲学社会科学研究项目(2394SS16131);河南省政府决策研究招标课题(2018B176);河南省教育厅人文社会科学研究一般项目(2019-ZZJH-463);河南省博士后经费资助

摘　　要：乡土武术是植根于乡土中国或传统社会的文化样态,是没有进行现代化转型或正处在现代化转型中的传统武术。在田野调查的基础上,运用文献资料等方法对在现代化转型中遭遇困顿的乡土武术的传承实践进行了反思,对其当下的生存价值进行了寻绎,以及对其现代化转型的路径进行了探索,为乡土武术的现代化转型提供理论依据。研究认为乡土武术的传承离不开国家元场域的影响以及传承人的核心主导,师徒传承应为主轴,师生传承应为主力,技术体系应创新,门户认同应强化;乡土武术的保护与传承体现了"保护文化多样性"的需要,它是地方文化的象征与标签,是现代教育体系中文化传承的有效载体,其作为民俗活动的复归,是推动当前乡村文化建设的可行途径。Rural Wushu is a cultural modality rooted in the rural China or traditional society,it is a traditional Wushu that has not undergone modernization transformation or is in the process of modernization. Based on the field work and the method of literature review,this study rethought the inheritance practice of the rural Wushu which was frustrated in the modernization,and analyzed its current existence value,and also explored its path of modernization,hoped to provide theoretical basis for the modernization of rural Wushu. The study held that the inheritance of rural Wushu cannot be separated from the influence of the national meta-field and the core leading role of the inheritors. The inheritance of teachers and apprentices should be the main axis,the inheritance of teachers and students should be the main force,the technological system should be innovated,and the portal identity should be strengthened. The protection and inheritance of rural Wushu embodies the need of "protecting cultural diversity";it is the symbol and label of local culture,the effective carrier of cultural inheritance in modern education system,and as the return of folk activities,it is a feasible way to promote the current rural cultural construction;at the same time,it is a new field for Wushu research. At present,the inheritance of rural Wushu culture should promote the professionalization of the inheritors,establish and strengthen the system guarantee led by the government,continually promote boxing into the campus,and restore and strengthen the collective memory of the portal,in order to innovate and develop it to meet the needs of society.

关 键 词：乡土武术 传承 价值 路径 现代化转型 

分 类 号：G852.1[文化科学—民族体育]