行政性垄断中经营者责任缺位的反思  

Reflection on the Absence of Legal Liability for Business Operators in Administrative Monopoly

作　　者：张晨颖[1] Zhang Chenying

机构地区：[1]清华大学法学院

出　　处：《中外法学》2018年第6期1636-1655,共20页Peking University Law Journal

摘　　要：行政性垄断通常兼有行政性和经济性,现有反垄断法律制度关注到它的行政性,而忽略了其经济性,进而导致参与行政性垄断经营者责任的"整体缺位+转化例外"的问题。经营者作为行政权力作用于市场的支点,参与垄断的主观态度不同。由此,以行政性垄断的类型化为基础,将经营者参与行政性垄断的行为构建为样态谱系,用以确定经营者的可责性。但在现有制度下,通过解释论的方法无法弥补这一法律漏洞,亦无法实现对违法经营者的有效惩处。未来在《反垄断法》修正时应当将"经营者参与行政性垄断"作为独立的违法行为,并且根据经营者参与样态的不同区别其法律责任,只有如此才能够全面、有效地预防和制止行政性垄断行为。Administrative monopoly is a hybrid monopoly form with both administrative and economic nature.The existing China's Anti-monopoly Law regime noticed the administrative nature of administrative monopoly but ignored its economic nature,which results in the problem of the "overall absence" of liability of business operators participating in the administrative monopoly and "the transformation exception"under some limited circumstances.As the fulcrum through which the administrative power affects the markets,the business operators have different subjective states when participating in monopoly behaviors.The different subjective states,combined with the different categories of the administrative monopoly,form pedigrees and modes to determine the accountability.However,under the existing legal system,amending the loophole through interpreting the existing law is not effective.Therefore,business operators which violate the law are not always punished.In the future,the amendments of China's Anti -monopoly Law should treat the operators'participation in the administrative monopoly as an independent illegal conduct,and impose different legal liabilities according to the different modes of the operators' participation.Only in this way can the administrative monopoly be comprehensively and effectively prevented and deterred.

关 键 词：行政性垄断 经济性垄断 主观样态 经营者责任 制度构建 

分 类 号：D922.294[政治法律—经济法学]