不同肉色桃杂交后代主要性状遗传规律研究  

Study on inheritance of main characters in progenies generated from crosses between the peaches with different color

作　　者：许建兰[1] 马瑞娟[1] 张斌斌[1] 丁辉[1] 严娟[1] 俞明亮[1] XU Jianlan;MA Ruijuan;ZHANG Binbin;DING Hui;YAN Juan;YU Mingliang(Institute of Pomology,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing 210014,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院果树研究所.江苏省高效园艺作物遗传改良重点实验室,南京210014

出　　处：《果树学报》2019年第1期21-30,共10页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31471848);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-30);江苏省农业科学院院基金(6111638)

摘　　要：【目的】探讨红肉桃不同杂交后代果实性状的遗传规律。【方法】以‘野鸡红’ב银河’、‘夏乙女’ב半斤桃’、‘野鸡红’ב00-20-42’(‘霞光’בNF’)、‘瑞光18号’ב北京一线红’、‘霞脆’ב北京一线红’5个杂交组合F1代为材料,分析不同组合后代果实成熟期、果肉颜色分离情况,并对‘夏乙女’ב半斤桃’组合后代果实形状、可溶性固形物含量、可滴定酸含量、花色苷含量、糖与酸组分等性状进行遗传变异分析。【结果】红肉性状在所有试验组合中均呈显性,后代群体红肉桃单株与白肉桃单株比例接近1:1,符合一对等位基因分离规律;早期成熟的单株果肉颜色以红色居多,白肉桃单株成熟期相对较晚,并存在明显的超亲现象。‘夏乙女’ב半斤桃’后代果形更多遗传了父本的卵圆性状;白肉桃单株花色苷平均值为0.008 1 mg·g^(-1),远低于红肉桃单株的0.068 7 mg·g^(-1);后代单株果实以甜风味为主,其中红肉桃单株甜风味占54.55%,白肉桃单株达84.31%;可溶性固形物含量白肉桃单株平均值为10.93%,高于红肉桃单株的9.68%,糖组分中以蔗糖含量最高,白肉桃单株平均值为43.069 g·L^(-1),红肉桃单株平均值为40.087 g·L^(-1);山梨醇含量最低,白肉桃单株平均值为5.322 g·L^(-1),高于红肉桃的3.515 g·L^(-1),葡萄糖和果糖含量差异不大;可滴定酸含量白肉桃单株平均值为0.207%,低于红肉桃的0.356%;酸组分中,白肉桃和红肉桃单株均以苹果酸含量最高,分别为2.289 g·L^(-1)和3.009 g·L^(-1),柠檬酸含量最低。可溶性固形物含量变异系数最小,可滴定酸最大,蔗糖组合传递力、中亲优势、超亲优势最高;花色苷在后代单株中组合传递力最低,仅为23.519%,中亲优势、超亲优势为负值。【结论】红肉性状在所有试验组合中均呈显性,成熟期存在明显的超亲现象。早期成熟单株果肉颜色以[Objective]The demand of red-flesh peach for its antioxidative effect beneficial for the human health is increasing nowadays.However,red-flesh peach varieties are very limited for lack of breeding.‘Tianxianhong’and‘Boshandahong’were originated from occational seedling.‘Zhongtaoziyu’and‘Zaoxianhong’are the only new varieties of red-flesh bred through hybridization by Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Institute of Pomology and Tea Culture,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences.It is of importance to understand the genetic tendency of the hybrids originated from crossing between the red flesh and white flesh peaches forbreeding new varieties.[Methods]F1 progenies of five crossing combinations [‘Yejihong’בYinhe’,‘Xiayinu’בBanjintao’,‘Ruiguang 18’בBeijingyixianhong’,‘Yejihong’ב00-20-42’(‘Xiaguang’בNF’),‘Xiacui’בBeijingyixianhong’] were used as materials to analyze the inheritance tendency of fruit characters.‘Banjintao’‘Yejihong’and‘Beijingyixianhong’are red-flesh,‘Xiayinu’‘Yinhe’and‘Xiacui’are white-flesh and‘Ruiguang 18’‘00-20-42’are yellow-flesh.The plants started to bear fruit in 2010.The fruits were harvested and identified in 2012,2013,2014 and2015.The fruits were brought to the lab for processing and determination.The genetic analysis of fruit sugar,acid and anthocyanin were performed on the offspring of the group B(‘Xiayinü’בBanjintao’).The fruit samples were collected when the pulp was homogeneity on both sides of the fruit suture.One portions were used for testing soluble solids content,total acid content,anthocyanin content,another portions were stored at-20 ℃ for analyzing sugar and acid components.A handheld pocket refractometer PAL-1 was used to determine flesh SSC and titration method(PHSJ-3 F)was used to determine the titratable acid content.The contents of sucrose,glucose,fructose,sorbitol,quinieric acid,malic acid and citric acid were m

关 键 词：红肉桃 杂交群体F1 遗传规律 

分 类 号：S662.1[农业科学—果树学]