早熟硬肉杏新品种‘红艳’的选育  

A new early maturing and firmness flesh apricot cultivar 'Hongyan'

作　　者：夏乐晗 陈玉玲[1] 冯义彬[1] 黄振宇 回经涛[2] 陈龙 李玉峰[3] XIA Lehan;CHEN Yuling;FENG Yibin;HUANG Zhenyu;HUI Jingtao;CHEN Long;LI Yufeng(Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450009,Henan,China;Comprehensive Testing Ground,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Science,Urumqi 830012,Xinjiang,China;Wildlife Rescue Center of Henan Prov- ince,Zhengzhou 450004,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,郑州450009 [2]新疆农业科学院综合试验场,乌鲁木齐830012 [3]河南省野生动物救护中心,郑州450004

出　　处：《果树学报》2019年第1期122-125,共4页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：中国农业科学院创新工程专项经费(CAAS-ASTIP-2016-ZFRI);中央级科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610192018202);河南省科技攻关计划项目(172102110066);国家科技基础条件平台子平台(NICGR2018-096)

摘　　要：‘红艳’杏是以‘串枝红’杏为母本、‘金太阳’杏为父本人工杂交选育而成的早熟杏新品种。果实近圆形,平均单果质量72 g。果皮底色橙黄色,成熟时阳面着鲜红色,果面有茸毛,果皮中厚。果肉金黄色,肉质细、蜜,果肉硬,纤维少,汁液多,香气浓,味酸甜适度。可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)为14.6%,总糖含量7.76%,还原糖含量2.46%,总酸含量1.14%,维生素含量C 6.68 mg·100 g-1,品质风味优良。果核卵圆形,褐色,离核。郑州地区3月中旬开花,6月上旬果实成熟,11月中旬落叶。树势中等偏强,易成花,自花结实能力差,需配置授粉树,以短果枝和花束状果枝结果为主。早熟,丰产稳产,外形美观,耐贮运,适应性强,适合河南及周边平原、丘陵、山地等杏栽培区栽培和发展。‘Hongyan’ apricot is an early-maturing and hard flesh apricot hybrid developed by crossing two apricot varieties.‘Chuanzhihong’ apricot is the female parent,which is a late-maturing apricot,with yellow hard flesh and high yield.‘Golden-sun’apricot is the male parent,which is an early-maturing apricot,with slightly acidic taste and hard flesh.The fruits of‘Hongyan’apricot are approach globose with an average mass of 72 g.The fruit peel is orange,covered by bright red in the sunny side when it ripes.The surface of the fruit is fluffy and the fruit peel is medium thick.The fruit of‘Hongyan’apricot has thick golden yellow flesh with delicate flesh texture,less fiber,and hard flesh.‘Hongyan’apricot is an attractive and excellent fruit,has excellent flavor and quality,which has abundant juice,intense fruity aromas,pleasant sweetness and sourness,with soluble solids content of 14.6%,total soluble sugar content of 7.76%,reducing sugar content of 2.46%,total acid content of 1.14%,and Vitamin C content of 6.68 mg · 100 g^-1.The fruit stone of‘Hongyan’apricot is oval,brown and detached from the flesh.The flower is showy and the anther is light yellow with a lot of pollen.In Zhengzhou,middle China,the flower bud of‘Hongyan’apricot starts activities in early March,the first flower comes into blossom mostly appears in middle March,the full-blossom stage mostly appears in late March and the flowering period can last about 7 days.The ovary gradually bulged after the flowers had fallen,the fruit matures in early June,about 75 days after blooming.The leaf buds germinate in late March and expand in early April.The leaves start falling in early November and completely fallen in mid-November,and the vegetative growth of the tree was about 220 d.The trees potential of‘Hongyan’apricot shows middle or strong vigorous,semi-opening in canopy and easy initiation of floral bud.The results of self-pollination at flowering stage showed that the self-pollination rate for‘Hongyan’apricot was very low and

关 键 词：杏 新品种 '红艳’ 早熟 硬肉 

分 类 号：S662.2[农业科学—果树学]