南北朝至唐代中元节内涵演变考  

Research on the Connotation Evolution of Zhongyuan Festival from the Northern and Southern Dynasties to the Tang Dynasty

作　　者：张舰戈 ZHANG Jian-ge(Institute of History,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100732,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院历史研究所,北京100732

出　　处：《唐都学刊》2019年第1期16-19,共4页Tangdu Journal

基　　金：国家社科基金:"中国古文书研究"(14ZDB024);中国博士后基金项目:"自我认同与价值实现--17世纪杭州一个小书坊的经营实态"(2018M631682)

摘　　要：中元节是华夏民族传统祭祀祖先的节日,中元节最早形成于南北朝至隋唐时期,到宋代已趋于完善。中元节开始由寺院的集体祭拜活动,逐步走向以普通百姓家族为单位的祭祖活动,时间也相对固定为每年的七月十五日。中元节是我国古代秋收祭祖和佛教"孟兰盆斋会"相结合的产物,经道教的进一步发展完善,形成了流传至今祭祀祖先的传统节日。对唐朝以及前期中元节形成渊源、节日内涵演变做进一步考究,对探索中华民俗历史文化发展具有重要的意义。The Zhongyuan Festival is a traditional festival for Chinese ancestors to worship their ancestors. The Zhongyuan Festival first started from the Northern and Southern Dynasties to the Sui and Tang Dynasties,and became perfected in the Song Dynasty. The festival began by the collective worshipping in the monasteries,gradually became popular among the ordinary people. The date is relatively fixed on July 15 th on the lunar calendar every year. The Zhongyuan Festival is the combination of ancestor worship in the autumn harvest in ancient China and the Buddhist Ullambana. Through Taoists’ further development,it has become a traditional festival and handed down for worshipping ancestors. Further study of its origin and connotation evolution before the Tang Dynasty is of great significance for exploring the development of Chinese folk history and culture.

关 键 词：南北朝 唐代 中元节 祭祖 节日内涵 盂兰盆会 

分 类 号：K235[历史地理—历史学] K245.2[历史地理—中国史]