影响青藏高原大气可降水量的因素及其变化特征  

Variation Characteristics of Factors Affecting Atmospheric Precipitable Water Vapor over Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

作　　者：黄露 范广洲 Huang Lu;Fan Guangzhou(Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,School of Atmospheric Science,Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu 610225;Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044)

机构地区：[1]成都信息工程大学大气科学学院,高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室,成都610225 [2]南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心,南京210044

出　　处：《气象科技》2018年第6期1172-1179,共8页Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(91537214,41275079,41305077,41305042,41405069,41505078);公益性(气象)行业科研专项(GYHY201506001);四川省教育厅重点项目(16ZA0203);成都信息工程大学中青年学术带头人科研基金(J201516,J201518)共同资助

摘　　要：利用1979—2015年ERA-Interim全球0.5°×0.5°月平均再分析资料,计算了青藏高原水汽收支方程中的水汽局地变化项、辐散项、平流项和垂直项的相对贡献,并分析了各项的变化特征。结果表明:(1)在整层和近地层,水汽辐合辐散项占大气可降水量变化项的比例最高;在中层和高层,水汽平流项占大气可降水量变化项的比例最高。水汽辐合辐散与大气可降水量有更好的相关性。(2)水汽辐合辐散的空间分布整体为低层辐合高层辐散;在整层和近地层,高原东部为湿平流,其余大部分区域为干平流,在中层湿平流区域面积扩大,高层几乎都为干平流。(3)水汽辐合辐散年际变化表现为增加趋势,其中整层、近地层和中层增加趋势最明显;水汽平流年际变化表现为各层都呈下降趋势,其中中层和高层下降趋势最明显。Based on the 0.5°×0.5°monthly average reanalysis data of the ERA-Interim Global from 1979 to 2015,this paper calculates the relative contributions of local changes,divergence,advection and vertical-term of water vapor in the water vapor budget equation for the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,and analyzes their variation characteristics.The results show that:(1)In the whole layer and the surface layer,the divergence term of water vapor had the highest proportion in the variation term of atmospheric precipitable water;in the middle and upper-layer,the advection accounted for the highest proportion.There was a better relativity between divergence and precipitable water vapor.(2)The overall spatial distribution characteristic of water vapor divergence was low-layer convergence and upper-layer divergence;in the whole layer and surface layer,there was moist advection in the eastern part of the plateau,and there was dry advection the rest of the region.In the middle layer,the moist advection region was large,and there was dry advection almost in the upper layer.(3)The inter-annual variation of water vapor divergence showed an increasing trend,in which the increasing trend was the most obvious in the whole layer,surface layer and the middle layer;and the inter-annual variation of the water vapor advection showed a downward trend in the whole layer and the other three layers,most obvious in the middle and upper-layer.

关 键 词：青藏高原 大气可降水量 水汽辐合辐散 水汽平流 

分 类 号：P461[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]