超声波协同硝酸改性后活性炭结构和性能研究  

Study on structure and properties of activated carbon modified by ultrasonic and nitric acid

作　　者：田芳[1] 侯安鑫 张彩凤[1] 杨兴樑 张永发[3] 付亚利[3] TIAN Fang;HOU Anxin;ZHANG Caifeng;YANG Xingliang;ZHANG Yongfa;FU Yali(Department of Chemistry,Taiyuan Normal University,Taiyuan 030619,China;Environmental Protection Monttoring Station,Lyuliang City Environmental Protection Bureau,Lyuliang 033000,China;Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]太原师范学院化学系,山西晋中030619 [2]吕梁市环境保护局环境保护监测站,山西吕梁033000 [3]太原理工大学,山西太原030024

出　　处：《煤炭科学技术》2018年第12期217-222,共6页Coal Science and Technology

基　　金：山西省自然科学基金资助项目(2014011014-8);山西省"1331工程"协同创新中心建设计划资助项目(I-170230)

摘　　要：为了制备以活性炭为载体的高效脱硝剂,采用超声波协同硝酸改性普通活性炭的方法,系统研究了改性时间、温度、硝酸浓度和超声功率对活性炭结构和比表面性能的影响,同时进行了孔径分布、比表面积、孔容、碘吸附值、表面含氧官能团以及脱硝性能的测定,分析了孔结构的可控调控改性机理。结果表明:低温313 K时,硝酸超声酸化主要定向增加了微孔(0.4～0.6 nm)数量和比表面积;升温到343 K,短时间25 min活化时,微孔和中孔(2～10 nm)数量增加;增加到75 min时,主要定向发展中孔数量;中孔数量更有利N_2和I_3^-吸附容量(孔容)的增加;随硝酸改性时间、温度、浓度和超声功率增加,表面碱性基团减少,酸性含氧官能团总量增加,I-3的吸附量先增后减,在75 min、343 K、硝酸浓度为7.0 mol/L、功率为80 W时改性活性碳,I-3吸附最佳。改性活性炭负载了偏矾酸胺(NH_4VO_3)制成催化剂,选择性催化还原(SCR)烟道气中的NO,脱硝率稳定在55%,是未改性活性炭脱硝率的2.5倍。In order to prepare high-efficiency denitrification agent with activated carbon as carrier,activated carbon was modified by ultrasonic in cooperation with HNO3,the influence of modification time,temperature,acid concentration,and ultrasonic power on the structure and surface properties of activated carbon had been investigated systematically.By ultrasonic acidization at low temperature of 313 K,the number and surface area of the micropores( 0.4 ~ 0.5 nm) were oriented to increase.Differently,the micropores and mesopores( 2~ 10 nm)were developed by treating 25 minutes at 343 K. However,when the treating time was increased to 75 minutes at 343 K,the mesoporous structure was oriented development.When the number of mesopores( 2 ~ 10 nm) was increased,it was more advantageous to increase the adsorption capacity of molecules such as N2 and I3^-.With the increase of nitric acid modification time,temperature,concentration and ultrasonic power,the adsorption amount of I3^- increased first and then decreased.Under the modified conditions of 75 min,343 K,acid concentration of 7.0 mol/L and power of 80 W,I3^- adsorption was the best.The denitration catalyst for removing NO in flue gas was prepared by loaded with NH4VO3 on the modified activated carbon,and the denitrification rate stabilized at 55%,which was 2.5 times than that of the origina.

关 键 词：脱硝剂 活性炭 超声波 硝酸 

分 类 号：TQ424.11[化学工程]