坡面尺度不同雨型条件下地表径流产流过程分析  

Analysis of Surface Runoff Process under Different Rainfall Types on the Slope Scale

作　　者：茹豪[1] Ru Hao(Shanxi Academy of Forest Sciences,Taiyuan 030012,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省林业科学研究院,山西太原030012

出　　处：《山西林业科技》2018年第4期1-6,共6页Shanxi Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：山西省重点研发计划项目(201603D321004)

摘　　要：以晋西黄土区蔡家川流域刺槐林、油松林、荒草地为研究对象,对短时局地雷暴雨、锋面性雷暴雨和长历时锋面降雨3种降雨条件下不同地类地表径流产流过程进行分析。结果表明:在短时局地雷暴雨过程中,产流的关键条件是降雨强度需要达到一定水平。锋面性雷暴雨过程中,降雨强度和降雨量均对产流有影响,但是降雨量的作用比降雨强度大。而在长历时锋面降雨过程中,产流的关键条件是启动前降雨累积量需要达到一定水平。在不同雨型条件下,荒草地的径流量、径流深和径流系数均大于刺槐林地和油松林地,油松林地大于刺槐林地。在立地条件相同的情况下,造成不同地类地表径流差异的因素主要有林分结构、地表覆被物等。Surface runoff process of different land types under thunderstorm rain of short time and local area( SLT),frontal precipitation and associated thunderstorm rain( FAT),and long-playing frontal precipitation( LFP) were analyzed with Robinia pseudoacacia forest stand,Pinus tabulaeformis forest stand and grassland in Caijiachuan watershed of western Shanxi as study objects. The results showed that the key condition of the runoff generation in SLT was that the intensity of rainfall reached a certain level. In FAT,both rainfall intensity and rainfall had influence on surface runoff,but rainfall was more effective than rainfall intensity. In LFP,the key condition of the runoff generation was that the accumulation of rainfall reached a certain quantity. Under different rainfall types condition,the runoff volume,runoff depth and runoff coefficient of the grassland were greater than those of Robinia pseudoacacia forest land and Pinus tabulaeformis forest land,and those indexes of Pinus tabulaeformis forest land was larger than that of Robinia pseudoacacia forest land. In the case of same site conditions,the main factors that caused surface runoff differences of different land types were stand structure,slope surface cover and so on.

关 键 词：不同雨型 不同地类 地表径流 产流过程 黄土高原 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]