北京市中小学生2005—2015年烟草使用流行状况  

Smoking epidemiology among primary and middle school students in Beijing during 2005-2015

作　　者：郭欣[1,2] 张鹏程[1,2] 徐文婕 夏志伟[1] 花晨曦 白承续 GUO Xin;ZHANG Pengcheng;XU Wenjie;XIA Zhiwei;HUA Chenxi;BAI Chengxu(Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing (100013),China)

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心,100013 [2]首都医科大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2019年第1期65-68,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：北京市财政专项--学生健康监测与干预项目

摘　　要：目的了解北京市中小学生2005—2015年吸烟行为流行状况,为中小学生控烟工作提供参考资料。方法将北京市中小学校的分类及其组成作为抽样框架,采用以学校为初级抽样单位(PSU)、以班级为最小抽样单位的二阶段分层随机整群抽样,分别于2005,2008,2010,2011,2013和2015年6次使用"北京市学校人群烟草监测调查问卷"对学生进行匿名自填式问卷调查。结果 2015年北京市中小学生尝试吸烟率为9.41%,其中小学、初中、高中和职业高中学生的尝试吸烟率分别为7.05%,7.06%,12.41%和34.11%。现在吸烟率为3.26%,其中小学、初中、高中和职业高中学生的现在吸烟率分别为1.99%,1.80%,3.48%和20.22%。6次调查结果显示,尝试吸烟率及现在吸烟率男生高于女生,职业高中高于普通高中; 2015年与历年调查结果比较,按学段标化后尝试吸烟率、现在吸烟率呈现逐年下降的趋势。现在吸烟者中日均吸烟量在1支以上的占50%以上,其中日均吸烟量在10支以上占10%以上。吸烟学生最常吸烟地点为家中(24.02%),其次为学校(12.74%)。自己购买卷烟的比例从2008年的17.10%上升到2015年的66.09%。结论 2005—2015年北京市中学生尝试吸烟率、现在吸烟率均有所下降,但职业高中学生吸烟行为仍然较严重。Objective To understand the changes of smoking behavior among primary and middle school students in Beijing during 2005-2015.Methods The primary and middle schools in Beijing were classified and then taken as a sampling frame. Two-phase stratified random cluster sampling was conducted with school as primary sampling unit (PSU)and class as the minimum sampling unit,respectively.Beijing School-based Smoking Monitoring Questionnaire was surveyed in 2005 and 2005,2010,2011, 2013 and 2015 anonymously.Results In 2015,the smoking rate among primary and middle school students in Beijing was 9.41%. Among them,for primary,junior,high school and vocational high school students,the rates were 7.05%,7.06%,12.41% and 34.11%,respectively.The smoking rates were now 3.26%,with 1.99%,1.80%,3.48% and 20.22%,respectively,among primary,middle and high school and vocational high school students,male,vocational school students were more likely to report smoking across six waves of surveillance.Results from the surveillance in 2015 showed a decreasing trend in ever smoking rate and current smoking rate compared with previous survey.About half of the current student smokers were reported to take i cigarette/day,and about 10% smokers were reported to take 10 cigarettes/day.Students were most likely to smoke at home(24.02%),followed by smoking at schools(12.74%).The percentage of buying cigarettes by themselves was increased from 17.10% in 2008 to 66.09% in 2015.Conclusion From 2005 to 2015,both ever smoking and current smoking rate among middle school students in Beijing decreased in general,however smoking among vocational high school students warrants further attention.

关 键 词：烟草 健康教育 学生 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学] G479[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]