具特定晶面且大比表面积贵金属纳米晶催化基元的构筑  

Constructions of Noble Metal Nanocrystals with Specific Crystal Facets and High Surface Area

作　　者：陈巧丽[1,2] 李慧齐 蒋亚琪 谢兆雄[1] CHEN Qiao-li;LI Hui-qi;JIANG Ya-qi;XIE Zhao-xiong(State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials,Department of Chemistry,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Xiamem University,Xiamen 351005,Fujian,China;College of Chemical Engineering,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310014,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室,厦门大学化学化工学院化学系,能源材料化学协同创新中心,福建厦门361005 [2]浙江工业大学化学工程学院工业催化系,浙江杭州310014

出　　处：《电化学》2018年第6期602-614,共13页Journal of Electrochemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.21333008,No.21773190,No.21771153,No.21721001);国家重大研究计划项目(No2015CB932301);国家重点研发计划项目(No.2017YFA0206801)资助.

摘　　要：贵金属纳米晶在电催化等领域具有广泛应用.其催化活性往往与纳米晶体的表面结构直接相关,而催化剂的贵金属原子利用率与比表面积密切相关.因小尺寸纳米晶难以保留特定的晶面,而具有特定表面的纳米晶通常结晶成尺寸较大、比表面积比较小的晶体,调控纳米晶的尺寸和表面结构两种策略似乎相互矛盾.如何可控合成同时具有特定表面结构和大比表面积的贵金属纳米晶具有重要的意义.本综述从形貌调控角度详细介绍提高贵金属纳米晶原子利用率的方法策略;总结调控单贵金属及其合金同时具有特定晶面和大比表面积的研究现状;最后,对纳米晶的形貌调控领域未来的发展趋势提出展望.Noble metal nanocrystals(NCs) have widespread applications in catalysis.Their catalytic performances are strongly related to the surface structures while the atomic utilization efficiency of noble metal is considerably correlated with the surface area.Thus,advantages of both specific surface structure and large surface area are highly required to show off simultaneously so as to optimize the catalytic performance and decrease the usage of noble metal.However,it seems that the two advantages are incompatible with each other in one NC since it is difficult for small NCs to keep their specific facets,while NCs with specific surface structure usually crystallize into the large size leading to small surface area.The construction of noble metal NCs with specific surface area and large surface area is a great challenge.This review introduces the strategies to prepare noble metal NCs integrated with both specific surface facets and high surface area from the controllable synthesis of morphologies.The current researches in this field are summarized by introducing specific cases.Subsequently,typical applications in catalysis are presented to demonstrate the advantages of noble metal NCs with both specific facets and high surface area.Finally,the perspectives concerning about the development tendency in this field are put forward.

关 键 词：贵金属纳米晶 合金 表面结构 比表面积 可控合成 

分 类 号：O646[理学—物理化学]